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  3. Motor Biases Reflect A Misalignment Between Visual And Proprioceptive Reference Frames.
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  3. Motor Biases Reflect A Misalignment Between Visual And Proprioceptive Reference Frames.

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Motor biases reflect a misalignment between visual and proprioceptive reference frames.

Tianhe Wang1,2, J Ryan Morehead3, Amber Jiang1,2

  • 1Department of Psychology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, United States.

Elife
|February 19, 2026

View abstract on PubMed

Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Motor biases in goal-directed movements stem from misalignments in spatial representations, not sensory or biomechanical errors. This finding clarifies the origin of systematic errors in human motor control.

Keywords:
computational biologyhumanmotor biasmotor controlneuroscienceproprioceptionreachingreference framesystems biologyvisual bias

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Motor Control
  • Computational Neuroscience

Background:

  • Goal-directed movements rely on accurate perception and motor systems.
  • Errors in these systems can lead to movement failures, including systematic motor biases.
  • The precise origin of these systematic biases is a subject of ongoing debate.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate computational models explaining the origin of motor biases.
  • To investigate whether motor biases arise from sensory or biomechanical factors.
  • To identify the primary cause of systematic motor biases in human movements.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of extensive reaching task data spanning 30 years.
  • Evaluation of various computational models of motor bias.
  • Comparison of model predictions against empirical data from human participants.

    • Main Results:

    • Motor biases do not originate from errors in sensed hand position during motor planning.
    • Biomechanical constraints during motor execution do not explain motor biases.
    • Motor biases are primarily caused by a misalignment between eye-centric and body-centric position representations.

    Conclusions:

    • The proposed model of spatial representation misalignment accounts for motor biases across diverse conditions.
    • This includes variations in hand used, movement type, starting position visibility, and sensorimotor adaptation.
    • The findings challenge previous theories and offer a unified explanation for motor biases.