Industrialization Effect on Sleep and Sleep in Preindustrial Societies

Everything that happens during wakefulness impacts sleep, and vice versa. Human behavior responds to the environment. With the advent of industrialization, various harmful systems have emerged that affect sleep quality, including artificial light, electronic devices, noise, inadequate eating habits, rotating work shifts, stress, sedentary behavior, multitasking, and information overload. Paradoxically, we owe some advances in sleep medicine to the use of electrical energy and digitization. This article analyzes these topics and addresses sleep in societies currently considered preindustrialized, whose behavior remains inconclusive due to a lack of solid studies.