Tissue Regeneration on Implantoplasty-Treated Implants Using a Citric Acid-Collagen-Magnesium-Based Solution: An In...

Area of Science:

• Biomaterials Science
• Regenerative Medicine
• Dental Implantology

Background:

• Peri-implantitis causes bone loss around dental implants due to bacterial colonization.
• Implantoplasty, used for biofilm removal, can negatively alter titanium surfaces.
• There is a need for strategies to enhance tissue regeneration after implantoplasty.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate a citric acid-based solution with collagen and magnesium (AC500/Mg) for hard and soft tissue regeneration.
• To assess the effects of AC500/Mg on titanium surface properties and cellular responses.
• To compare AC500/Mg with control and citric acid alone in vivo.

Main Methods:

• Titanium discs treated with saline (Ctr), 25% citric acid (AC), or AC500/Mg.
• Surface analysis included roughness and wettability.
• In vitro studies assessed cytocompatibility, cell adhesion, proliferation, and mineralization.
• In vivo studies in rabbits evaluated bone contact and tissue integration.

Main Results:

• AC500/Mg significantly increased surface wettability but did not alter roughness.
• In vitro, AC500/Mg enhanced osteoblast adhesion, proliferation, and mineralization threefold.
• In vivo, AC500/Mg showed greater bone contact (67%) and direct muscle integration compared to controls.

Conclusions:

• AC500/Mg effectively promotes hard and soft tissue regeneration following implantoplasty.
• The solution improves cellular responses and tissue integration without compromising surface integrity.
• AC500/Mg represents a potential regenerative strategy for peri-implantitis treatment.