Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Cognitive Dissonance01:38

Cognitive Dissonance

37.8K
Social psychologists have documented that feeling good about ourselves and maintaining positive self-esteem is a powerful motivator of human behavior (Tavris & Aronson, 2008). In the United States, members of the predominant culture typically think very highly of themselves and view themselves as good people who are above average on many desirable traits (Ehrlinger, Gilovich, & Ross, 2005). Often, our behavior, attitudes, and beliefs are affected when we experience a threat to our...
37.8K
Obedience01:08

Obedience

35.7K
According to obedience research, we may harm others under the forceful pressures of an authority figure (Milgram, 1974). How about if the inappropriate orders were delivered with less force? The increasing interdependence between nurses and physicians compelled Hofling and his colleagues to explore nurses’ reactions to a potentially harmful medical request made by the perceived authority figure, the doctor (Hofling, Brotzman, Dalrymple, Graves, & Pierce, 1966). In this situation,...
35.7K
The Stanford Prison Experiment03:20

The Stanford Prison Experiment

25.0K
The famous and controversial Stanford Prison Experiment, conducted by social psychologist Philip Zimbardo and his colleagues at Stanford University, demonstrated the power of social roles, social norms, and scripts.
25.0K
Accountability and Responsibility of a Nurse II01:09

Accountability and Responsibility of a Nurse II

1.3K
Professional accountability in nursing is a multifaceted concept that encompasses professional ethics, legal standards, and employment expectations. This framework ensures that nurses maintain and elevate the quality of care while upholding the values of their profession. It compels them to treat patients, families, and colleagues with respect, compassion, and integrity.
For example, a nurse demonstrating respect and compassion might listen attentively to a patient's concerns, provide...
1.3K
Elements Crucial for Effective Psychotherapy01:25

Elements Crucial for Effective Psychotherapy

422
Research has highlighted several critical factors that influence the effectiveness of psychotherapy, such as the therapeutic alliance, the therapist, and the client.
The Therapeutic Alliance
The therapeutic alliance refers to the relationship between the therapist and the client. The alliance strengthens when the therapist and the client engage in a nurturing, supportive, trusting, empathetic, and respectful relationship, improving therapeutic outcomes. Therapists must monitor this relationship...
422
Introspection01:29

Introspection

419
Introspection, long upheld as a reliable route to self-knowledge, involves examining one's thoughts, emotions, and mental processes. It underpins many psychological practices, from mindfulness meditation to psychotherapy and self-help strategies. However, empirical evidence challenges the accuracy of introspection as a means of understanding oneself.Limitations of Introspective InsightSeminal work by Nisbett and Wilson demonstrated that individuals are frequently unaware of the true causes...
419

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Patient perspectives and experiences of collaborative pharmacist prescribing in the hospital inpatient setting: a cross-sectional survey.

International journal of clinical pharmacy·2026
Same author

Analysis of textual responses to explore barriers, enablers, and motivators for cultivating research capacity: a statewide study of hospital pharmacy staff.

International journal of clinical pharmacy·2026
Same author

Feedback as a two-way process: how relational dynamics shape learning in workplace-based training.

BMC medical education·2026
Same author

Determinants of Health Professions Students' Engagement with Interprofessional Education: A Theory-Informed Systematic Review Using the Theoretical Domains Framework.

Teaching and learning in medicine·2026
Same author

A mixed-methods investigation of the non-technical skills sought by employers of early career pharmacists in hospital and community practice settings.

The International journal of pharmacy practice·2026
Same author

Modes of trust and decision-making processes: A real-world exploration of entrustment decision-making in clinical supervision.

Medical teacher·2026
Same journal

Residents' Experiences with Personalized Learning in Postgraduate Training; Going Beyond Competency Based Medical Education.

Perspectives on medical education·2026
Same journal

Learning Between the Lines: Anaesthetists' Conceptions of the Implicit Curriculum in Postgraduate Education.

Perspectives on medical education·2026
Same journal

Essential Yet Invisible: Professional Identity Formation Among Academic Internal Medicine Hospitalists.

Perspectives on medical education·2026
Same journal

Understanding Curriculum Implementation with Entrustable Professional Activities Through the Lens of Normalization Process Theory.

Perspectives on medical education·2026
Same journal

A Scoping Review of the Conceptualization, Operationalization, and Institutional Recognition of the Scholarship of Teaching and Learning in Health Professions Education: Using Institutional Logics to Understand Inconsistencies.

Perspectives on medical education·2026
Same journal

Elevating the University Teaching Qualification: From Ticking the Box to Actual Impact on Teaching.

Perspectives on medical education·2026
See all related articles
  1. Home
  3. Beyond The Numbers: Exploring Tensions Between Formal Entrustment And Trainee Readiness In Internship Training - A Mixed-methods Study.
  1. Home
  3. Beyond The Numbers: Exploring Tensions Between Formal Entrustment And Trainee Readiness In Internship Training - A Mixed-methods Study.

Related Experiment Video

Inspiratory Muscle Training as an Adjunct to the Treatment of Weaning Failure in Critically Ill Patients: A Practical Guide
04:16

Inspiratory Muscle Training as an Adjunct to the Treatment of Weaning Failure in Critically Ill Patients: A Practical Guide

Published on: January 30, 2026

795

Beyond the Numbers: Exploring Tensions Between Formal Entrustment and Trainee Readiness in Internship Training - A

Tarik Al-Diery1, Sally Marotti2,3,4, Yu Ting Sim3

  • 1Clinical Pharmacy and Practice, College of Pharmacy, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar.

Perspectives on Medical Education
|March 23, 2026

View abstract on PubMed

Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Pharmacy interns

More Related Videos

Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Hyperscanning Study in Psychological Counseling
06:04

Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Hyperscanning Study in Psychological Counseling

Published on: January 17, 2025

1.8K
Author Spotlight: Training of Laboratory Animals for Gentle and Stress-Free Handling
05:21

Author Spotlight: Training of Laboratory Animals for Gentle and Stress-Free Handling

Published on: February 16, 2024

4.1K

Related Experiment Videos

Inspiratory Muscle Training as an Adjunct to the Treatment of Weaning Failure in Critically Ill Patients: A Practical Guide
04:16

Inspiratory Muscle Training as an Adjunct to the Treatment of Weaning Failure in Critically Ill Patients: A Practical Guide

Published on: January 30, 2026

795
Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Hyperscanning Study in Psychological Counseling
06:04

Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Hyperscanning Study in Psychological Counseling

Published on: January 17, 2025

1.8K
Author Spotlight: Training of Laboratory Animals for Gentle and Stress-Free Handling
05:21

Author Spotlight: Training of Laboratory Animals for Gentle and Stress-Free Handling

Published on: February 16, 2024

4.1K

Area of Science:

  • Pharmacy Education and Practice
  • Professional Development and Training
  • Healthcare Professional Competency

Background:

  • Research on entrustment decision-making has predominantly focused on supervisors.
  • Trainee experiences and internalization of entrustment are less understood.
  • This study addresses the gap by exploring the trainee perspective in pharmacy internships.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how trainee entrustment develops during a pharmacy internship.
  • To examine the lived experiences influencing progression towards unsupervised practice.
  • To understand the trainee's interpretation and internalization of the entrustable professional activities (EPA) framework.

Main Methods:

  • Convergent mixed-methods design utilizing questionnaires and focus groups with provisionally registered pharmacists in Australia.
  • Quantitative data collected at three time points on EPA utility and self-perceived readiness.
  • Qualitative data from focus groups analyzed using reflexive thematic analysis and triangulated with quantitative findings.

    • Main Results:

    • Self-perceived readiness for entrustment significantly increased, with median ratings reaching independent practice with reactive supervision by internship end.
    • Entrustment, coupled with structured feedback and reflection, boosted trainee confidence.
    • Overemphasis on numerical benchmarks risked superficial learning and diminished feedback post-achievement.

    Conclusions:

    • Entrustable Professional Activities (EPAs) facilitate trainee progression to autonomy through structure, feedback, and self-reflection.
    • Tying entrustment solely to observation numbers can lead to premature conferral and reduced feedback depth.
    • Framing EPAs as assessments *for* learning enhances the transition to confident, autonomous practice.