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Next-Generation Orthodontics: Functional Resins, Biomechanics, Biocompatibility, and Current Clinical Reality of
1The ADA Forsyth Institute, Somerville, MA 02143, USA.
Journal of Functional Biomaterials
|March 27, 2026
Summary
Direct 3D-printed aligners (DPAs) offer improved dimensional control over traditional clear aligners. Further research is needed to confirm their long-term clinical efficacy and sustainability.
Area of Science:
- Biomaterials Science
- Orthodontic Technology
- Polymer Chemistry
Background:
- Traditional thermoformed clear aligners (TCAs) have limitations in geometric accuracy and material waste.
- Direct 3D-printed aligners (DPAs) represent a technological advancement in orthodontic treatment.
- DPAs utilize photocurable resins, transitioning from inert thermoplastic materials.
Purpose of the Study:
- To comprehensively review the material science of DPAs.
- To analyze the chemistry and post-processing of DPA materials.
- To evaluate preclinical and clinical data on DPA technology.
Main Methods:
- Review of material science literature on DPAs.
- Analysis of photocurable resin chemistry and post-processing techniques.
- Evaluation of preclinical functional material engineering studies.
- Assessment of emerging clinical data and safety concerns.
Main Results:
- DPAs offer superior dimensional control compared to TCAs.
- Research is exploring functional DPA materials with antibacterial and drug delivery capabilities.
- Emerging clinical data shows potential but requires further investigation.
Conclusions:
- DPA technology presents advantages in precision and workflow digitalization.
- Long-term in vivo studies and life cycle assessments are crucial for validating DPAs.
- Further research is essential to confirm clinical efficacy, safety, and sustainability.
