Comparison Between Human Amniotic Membrane and Biodentine as A Pulp Capping Agent-An In Vitro Tooth Culture Study

The objective of the study was to compare the role of Cryopreserved human amniotic membrane (cHAM) for early pulp biomineralisation in comparison to Biodentine using the tooth culture model. This study was conducted in two stages. The first stage aimed to establish the tooth culture model and assess the viability of pulp cells at 28 and 50 days. In the second stage, pulp capping was performed in the tooth culture model using cHAM and Biodentine. A total of 20 freshly extracted teeth (for orthodontic reasons) were used for pulp capping with either cHAM or Biodentine. The samples were evaluated for biomineralisation at 14 and 28 days using micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) and histological analysis. Morphometric data from micro-CT scans were analysed using the Chi-square test. The viability of pulp cells in the tooth culture model was 66.1% at 28 days and 38.4% at 50 days. Pulp capping with cHAM resulted in a thicker and larger volume of mineralisation at 28 days (720 μm, 0.7 mm³) compared to Biodentine (630 μm, 0.46 mm³). Histological analysis revealed that the dentine formed in the HAM group was homogeneous and continuous, while the Biodentine group showed discontinuous foci of mineralisation in the newly formed hard tissue. Within the study's limitations, it is observed that cHAM induces enhanced early pulpal mineralisation compared to Biodentine.