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Related Concept Videos

Effects of EDTA on End-Point Detection Methods01:18

Effects of EDTA on End-Point Detection Methods

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Different methods, such as visual observance of metal-ion indicators, spectroscopic techniques, and potentiometric methods, can determine the endpoint of an EDTA titration.
In the visual method, metal-ion indicators (metallochromic dyes), which have distinct colors in their free and complex forms, are added to the mixture to signal the titration's end point. They form stable complexes with metal ions, but these complexes are weaker than the corresponding metal–EDTA complexes. As a...
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Masking and Demasking Agents01:19

Masking and Demasking Agents

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EDTA titrations may necessitate masking and demasking agents to temporarily protect a particular metal ion in a mixture from the EDTA reaction. These agents facilitate the sequential analysis of the metal ions by forming stable complexes with some—but not all—metal ions during certain steps.
There are many masking agents, such as cyanide, fluoride, triethanolamine, thiourea, and 2,3-bis(sulfanyl)propan-1-ol (formerly 2,3-dimercapto-1-propanol), with the masking agent chosen based on...
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EDTA: Chemistry and Properties01:22

EDTA: Chemistry and Properties

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Polydentate ligands are most widely used in complexometric titrations because they form more stable complexes with the metal ions than mono- or bidentate ligands due to the chelate effect. Examples of polydentate ligands are ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), crown ethers, and cryptands. The most important feature of optimal polydentate ligands is the ability to form 1:1 complexes in a single-step process. Amino carboxylic acid derivatives are frequently used as complexing agents. EDTA is...
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EDTA: Auxiliary Complexing Reagents01:26

EDTA: Auxiliary Complexing Reagents

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EDTA titrations are usually carried out in highly basic conditions, where the fully deprotonated form of EDTA, Y4−, actively complexes with the free metal ions in the solution. Several metal ions precipitate as hydrous oxide (hydroxides, oxides, or oxyhydroxides) under these conditions, lowering the concentration of free metal ions in the solution. For this reason, auxiliary complexing agents or ligands such as ammonia, tartrate, citrate, or triethanolamine are used in EDTA titrations to...
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EDTA: Conditional Formation Constant01:09

EDTA: Conditional Formation Constant

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Each EDTA molecule has six binding sites: four carboxyl groups and two amino groups. The fully protonated form of EDTA is represented as H6Y2+. However, it can exist in different forms, H5Y+, H4Y, H3Y−, H2Y2−, and HY3−, depending on the pH of the solution. In very basic solutions with pH > 10.17, the fully deprotonated form, Y4−, is the predominant species that readily complexes with metal ions in a 1:1 ratio.
For the equilibrium reaction of the metal with the...
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Antimicrobial Effectiveness01:28

Antimicrobial Effectiveness

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The effectiveness of antimicrobial agents depends on various factors influencing their ability to eliminate microbial populations. Larger microbial populations require more time for complete eradication, emphasizing the importance of population size analysis when evaluating antimicrobial efficacy.Microbial resistance to antimicrobial agents varies significantly. Highly resilient microorganisms include endospores, gram-negative bacteria, and non-enveloped viruses, while prions are exceptionally...
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Impact of EDTA Formulations and Activation Methods on Stem Cell Response, Antimicrobial Activity and Dentine

Letycia Accioly Simões Coelho1, Laura Ferreira Almeida1, Ester Alves Ferreira Bordini1,2

  • 1Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil.

Australian Endodontic Journal : the Journal of the Australian Society of Endodontology Inc
|April 8, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Trisodium EDTA (EDTA) showed better biological compatibility and fewer dentine alterations compared to disodium EDTA (EDTAd). While both irrigants demonstrated similar antimicrobial efficacy, EDTAd induced more significant structural changes in dentine.

Keywords:
antimicrobial activitybiofilmregenerative endodonticsroot canal irrigationstem cells from apical papilla

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Area of Science:

  • Endodontics
  • Dental Materials Science

Background:

  • Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) is a common chelating agent used in endodontics to remove the smear layer.
  • Different formulations and activation methods of EDTA may influence its effects on root canal disinfection and dentine structure.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the effects of trisodium EDTA and disodium EDTA (EDTAd), with or without activation, on stem cell of apical papilla (SCAP) response, antimicrobial activity, and dentine chemical alterations.

Main Methods:

  • SCAP viability and metabolic activity were assessed.
  • Antimicrobial efficacy against Enterococcus faecalis and Streptococcus mutans was evaluated using antibiofilm and intratubular disinfection assays.
  • Dentine alterations were analyzed using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) after irrigation with EDTA or EDTAd, with or without conventional irrigation (CI), ultrasonic activation (UA), or diode laser activation (LA).

Main Results:

  • EDTA preserved higher SCAP metabolic activity, especially at early time points, with no significant difference in cytotoxicity among groups.
  • No significant differences in antibiofilm and intratubular antimicrobial effects were observed between EDTA and EDTAd or across different activation methods.
  • EDTAd caused greater alterations in the amide III/phosphate ratio, leading to increased smear-layer removal and surface irregularities compared to EDTA.

Conclusions:

  • EDTA exhibits greater biological compatibility and induces fewer dentine alterations.
  • EDTAd causes more pronounced structural changes in dentine without offering superior antimicrobial benefits.
  • The choice of EDTA formulation may impact dentine integrity without compromising endodontic disinfection efficacy.