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Factors Associated With Substance Use Screening Among Injured Adolescents.

Jenna S Lee1, Ryan G Spurrier2, Shadassa Ourshalimian1

  • 1Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California.

The Journal of Surgical Research
|April 11, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Screening for substance use in injured adolescents is inconsistent. Screening, Brief Intervention, and Referral to Treatment (SBIRT) was most common, but younger patients and those with minor injuries were less likely to be screened.

Keywords:
DrugOpioidOverdoseScreeningTrauma

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Trauma
  • Adolescent Health
  • Substance Use Screening

Background:

  • Substance use screening for injured adolescents is recommended but not universally mandated.
  • Current national tracking of interview-based substance use evaluations is lacking.
  • This study identifies factors influencing substance use screening in this population.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine factors associated with substance use screening among injured adolescents.
  • To compare the effectiveness of different screening methods.
  • To inform strategies for improving screening rates in vulnerable youth.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective cohort study of 683 adolescents (12-17 years) presenting with trauma.
  • Data abstracted from electronic medical records and trauma registries.
  • Multivariable logistic regression analyzed factors associated with biochemical (urine toxicology, blood alcohol) and interview-based (SBIRT) screening.

Main Results:

  • Screening rates: 11.9% urine toxicology, 3.5% blood alcohol, 59.4% SBIRT.
  • Older age, higher Glasgow Coma Scale scores, and longer hospital stays (>24h) were associated with increased urine toxicology screening.
  • Older age and longer hospital stays increased SBIRT likelihood, while lower injury acuity decreased it.

Conclusions:

  • Screening, Brief Intervention, and Referral to Treatment (SBIRT) is the most frequent screening method for injured adolescents.
  • Younger adolescents and those with low-acuity injuries are less likely to receive screening.
  • Future efforts should track SBIRT and encompass lower-acuity injuries to enhance comprehensive substance use screening.