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Related Concept Videos

Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation01:22

Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation

The instrumentation of atomic emission spectrometry (AES) involves various components, including atomization devices that convert samples into gas-phase atoms and ions. There are two main types of atomization devices: continuous and discrete atomizers.  Continuous atomizers, like plasmas and flames, introduce samples in a constant stream, while discrete atomizers inject individual samples using syringes or autosamplers. The most common discrete atomizer is the electrothermal atomizer.
Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Lab01:29

Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Lab

AES is a powerful analytical technique, especially effective when used with plasma sources, producing abundant spectra in characteristic emission lines. The Inductively Coupled Plasma (ICP), in particular, yields superior quantitative analytical data due to its high stability, low noise, low background, and minimal interferences under optimal experimental conditions. However, newer air-operated microwave sources are emerging as promising alternatives that could be more cost-effective than...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 29, 2026

Implementation of a Reference Interferometer for Nanodetection
16:11

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Single-atomic-ion detection with plasmon-enhanced whispering-gallery-mode microlasers.

Samir Vartabi Kashanian1,2, Frank Vollmer1,2

  • 1Living Systems Institute, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK.

Nature Photonics
|April 13, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a plasmon-enhanced whispering-gallery-mode microlaser for ultrasensitive detection of single atomic ions. This breakthrough advances label-free biosensing capabilities for detecting even the smallest analytes.

Keywords:
Imaging and sensingMicroresonators

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Area of Science:

  • Photonics and Nanotechnology
  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Biomedical Sensing

Background:

  • Whispering-gallery-mode (WGM) microlasers are effective for label-free biosensing.
  • Current WGM microlaser sensitivity is limited to detecting nanoparticles >10 nm.
  • There is a need for higher sensitivity in detecting smaller analytes like atomic ions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a plasmon-enhanced WGM microlaser for detecting single atomic ions.
  • To achieve unprecedented sensitivity in label-free biosensing.
  • To demonstrate real-time monitoring of ion interactions.

Main Methods:

  • Integration of gold nanorods onto ytterbium-doped silica microspheres.
  • Reduction of effective mode volume by ~1,000-fold.
  • Enhancement of local electromagnetic field.
  • Self-heterodyne detection of beatnote frequency shifts.

Main Results:

  • Detection of single atomic ions (Zn²⁺ and Cd²⁺) in solution.
  • Achieved peak sensitivities with beatnote shifts of 3.7 fm for Zn²⁺ and 7.2 fm for Cd²⁺.
  • Demonstrated amplified signal-to-noise ratio due to plasmonic enhancement.

Conclusions:

  • Plasmon-enhanced WGM microlasers offer a pathway to atomic-scale sensing.
  • This technology has potential for single-molecule detection and in vivo probing.
  • The developed system significantly surpasses previous sensitivity limits in WGM biosensing.