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Related Concept Videos

Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV01:26

Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV

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Tuberculosis, more commonly referred to as TB, is an infectious disease stemming from Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While it primarily impacts the lungs, TB can also affect other body areas. Given its severity and global impact, timely and accurate diagnosis is crucial for controlling its spread and improving patient outcomes.
Several diagnostic approaches are used to detect TB. The conventional method is the Tuberculin Skin Test (TST), also known as the Mantoux test. However, this method has...
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Pulmonary Tuberculosis III01:31

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Tuberculosis (TB) is a contagious infection primarily affecting the lung parenchyma but which can also affect other body parts. TB can be classified based on disease development, presentation, and the affected anatomical site.
The first classification is based on the development of the disease, and it includes the following categories:
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Pulmonary Tuberculosis I01:29

Pulmonary Tuberculosis I

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Tuberculosis, often called TB, is a contagious illness primarily caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It mainly affects the lung parenchyma but can also impact other body parts.
Causative Organism
The primary infectious agent causing tuberculosis is Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a slow-growing, acid-fast, aerobic rod that exhibits sensitivity to heat and ultraviolet light. Instances of Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium avium contributing to the development of TB infection are rare.
Mode of...
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Pulmonary Tuberculosis V01:28

Pulmonary Tuberculosis V

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Medical management of tuberculosis (TB) patients involves a comprehensive approach that includes diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring. The specific strategies can vary depending on the type of tuberculosis (latent or active), the patient's overall health status, and other considerations.
Latent tuberculosis infection occurs when TB bacteria are present in a person's body, but are not causing illness or symptoms. It is not contagious, and preventive treatment is crucial to avoid the...
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Pulmonary Tuberculosis II01:28

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Tuberculosis, or TB, is a bacterial infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While its primary impact is on the lungs, leading to pulmonary tuberculosis, it can also affect various other organs, a condition referred to as extrapulmonary tuberculosis.
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A Tuberculosis Molecular Bacterial Load Assay TB-MBLA
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Host Biomarkers in Tuberculosis.

Jane A Shaw1, Gerhard Walzl2

  • 1South African Medical Research Council Centre for Tuberculosis Research, Biomedical Research Institute, Division of Immunology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town 7600, South Africa.

Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Medicine
|April 17, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Host biomarkers are crucial for diagnosing tuberculosis (TB) and monitoring treatment. This review focuses on transcriptomic and proteomic markers for accessible field tests in resource-limited settings.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomarker discovery
  • Infectious disease diagnostics
  • Mycobacterium tuberculosis research

Background:

  • Host-derived biomarkers are vital for diagnosing Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infection and disease.
  • They play key roles in predicting outcomes and evaluating treatment regimens.
  • There is a critical need for new diagnostic and monitoring tools, especially in resource-limited settings.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the need for priority tuberculosis (TB) biomarkers.
  • To discuss markers for immune sensitization, progression prediction, diagnosis (including extrapulmonary TB), and treatment monitoring.
  • To highlight the potential of ex vivo transcriptomic and proteomic markers for field-near tests.

Main Methods:

  • Focus on ex vivo transcriptomic and proteomic markers.
  • Evaluation of candidate markers against WHO Target Product Profiles for TB Screening Tests.
  • Discussion of challenges in harmonizing research, data collection, and resource management.

Main Results:

  • Host biomarkers show promise for various TB states and management aspects.
  • Ex vivo transcriptomic and proteomic markers are suitable for developing field-near tests.
  • Performance assessment against WHO TPPs is essential for marker validation.

Conclusions:

  • Host-derived biomarkers are high-priority targets for TB management.
  • Field-near tests using transcriptomic and proteomic markers are crucial for resource-scarce settings.
  • Harmonized research approaches and robust resources are needed to advance biomarker development.