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Restrictive cardiomyopathy (RCM) is a rare heart muscle disease characterized by impaired ventricular filling due to stiffened ventricular walls, leading to significant diastolic dysfunction.EtiologyRestrictive cardiomyopathy can arise from both inherited and acquired diseases, many of which are systemic. It is categorized into four main types: infiltrative, storage, non-infiltrative, and endomyocardial diseases.Infiltrative diseases, such as amyloidosis, lead to RCM by depositing amyloid...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 21, 2026

Bone Marrow Transplantation Procedures in Mice to Study Clonal Hematopoiesis
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Radiotherapy Reprograms Intermediate Monocytes Into Proinflammatory Drivers of Systemic Inflammation in

Jinchen He1,2, Dejun Kong3, Chengwei Zhang1

  • 1Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Nuclear Industry 416 Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610051, China, scu.edu.cn.

Cardiology Research and Practice
|April 20, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Thoracic radiotherapy alters immune cells, expanding monocytes that drive inflammation and stress responses. These intermediate monocytes may predict radiation-induced heart disease risk and offer therapeutic targets.

Keywords:
RIHDflow cytometryinflammatory remodelingintermediate monocytespseudotime trajectorysingle-cell RNA sequencing

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Cardiovascular Biology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Radiation-induced heart disease (RIHD) is a severe complication of thoracic radiotherapy.
  • Its pathogenesis involves complex systemic immune alterations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the immune mechanisms underlying RIHD.
  • To identify specific immune cell populations and pathways affected by radiotherapy.

Main Methods:

  • Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) before and after radiotherapy.
  • Validation using multiparameter flow cytometry and ELISA assays.

Main Results:

  • Radiotherapy significantly altered immune cell composition, increasing myeloid cells (monocytes, neutrophils) and decreasing lymphocytes.
  • Post-treatment monocytes exhibited heightened inflammation (IL-6, TNF-α) and metabolic reprogramming.
  • A specific expansion of intermediate monocytes (CD14++CD16+) was observed, differentiating into pro-inflammatory effector cells.
  • Monocyte behavior bifurcated into inflammatory activation and oxidative stress response pathways.

Conclusions:

  • Radiotherapy induces a systemic immune shift driven by intermediate monocytes.
  • These monocytes are key players in post-radiotherapy inflammation and may serve as biomarkers for RIHD risk.
  • Targeting intermediate monocytes could mitigate cardiovascular injury in cancer survivors.