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The Body Mass Index (BMI) is a numerical value derived from a person's weight and height, used to categorize individuals into weight ranges. It is calculated using the formula: weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared. Obesity is a health condition characterized by excessive accumulation of adipose tissue that poses health risks, often diagnosed with a BMI ≥ 30. This excess fat storage occurs when surplus dietary calories are converted into triglycerides and stored in...
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Stress often leads to unhealthy habits like smoking, excessive drinking, and overeating, which offer short-term relief but ultimately increase long-term health risks. These behaviors create a cycle that temporarily lowers stress levels but can result in severe long-term health consequences. Breaking these habits is essential to reduce the risk of chronic diseases and improve overall well-being. Three primary changes that support better health include quitting smoking, reducing alcohol intake,...
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Depressive Disorders: Etiology01:27

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Depressive disorders result from a complex interplay of biological, psychological, and sociocultural factors, each contributing uniquely to the development and persistence of the condition. Understanding these factors provides critical insight into the multifaceted nature of depression.
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In the United States, obesity is a prominent concern. It is linked to heightened mortality rates due to increased occurrences of conditions such as hypertension, atherosclerosis, coronary artery disease, and diabetes compared to nonobese individuals. A patient is classified as obese if their actual body weight surpasses the ideal or desirable body weight by 20%, based on Metropolitan Life Insurance Company data. Ideal body weights consider average weights and heights for males and females...
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Obesity and Depression.

Dham Ho1, Hee Youn Won2, Yong-Ku Kim3,4

  • 1Department of Psychiatry, Ewha Womans University Seoul hospital, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.

Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology
|April 26, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Obesity and depression frequently co-occur, sharing symptoms and potentially worsening each other. Understanding their bidirectional relationship and underlying psychological and biological factors is crucial for effective treatment.

Keywords:
Bidirectional relationshipBiological mechanismsBody imageDepressionObesityPersonalityPsychopathologyStigma

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Area of Science:

  • Psychiatry and Endocrinology
  • Behavioral Science

Background:

  • Obesity and depression are prevalent chronic conditions with significant global health impacts.
  • Epidemiological data show frequent comorbidity, increasing risks for other chronic diseases.
  • The relationship between obesity and depression is potentially bidirectional, influenced by psychological, sociodemographic, and lifestyle factors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the bidirectional risk between obesity and depression.
  • To explore shared symptoms and methodological challenges in current research.
  • To review psychological and biological mechanisms underlying this comorbidity.

Main Methods:

  • Review of epidemiological studies on obesity and depression comorbidity.
  • Analysis of shared symptoms, including fatigue and appetite changes.
  • Examination of psychological factors (psychopathology, personality, body image) and biological mechanisms (HPA axis, inflammation, insulin resistance).

Main Results:

  • Obesity and depression share symptoms like fatigue, appetite changes, and low self-esteem.
  • Psychological factors such as general psychopathology and body image concerns link obesity to depression.
  • Biological mechanisms including HPA axis dysregulation, inflammation, and insulin resistance are implicated in both conditions.

Conclusions:

  • The comorbidity of obesity and depression is complex, with shared symptoms and contributing factors.
  • Understanding the interplay of psychological and biological mechanisms is key to addressing this dual diagnosis.
  • Further research is needed to elucidate the bidirectional relationship and inform integrated treatment strategies.