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Primary Soft Tissue DLBCL Mimicking Sarcoma.

Karthik N1, Vikrant Verma2, Naveen Sharma1

  • 1Department of Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, India.

Indian Journal of Surgical Oncology
|April 27, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A rare case of soft tissue lymphoma mimicked sarcoma. Early suspicion and immunohistochemistry are crucial for diagnosing extranodal diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) presenting as atypical soft tissue masses.

Keywords:
Diffuse large B-cell lymphomaNon-Hodgkin lymphomaSarcoma

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Pathology
  • Radiology

Background:

  • Soft tissue masses can present diagnostic challenges, sometimes mimicking other conditions.
  • Extranodal non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) can manifest as atypical soft tissue tumors.
  • Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is an aggressive form of NHL, with extranodal presentations being less common.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report a rare case of extranodal soft tissue DLBCL.
  • To highlight the clinical and radiological resemblance to soft tissue sarcoma.
  • To emphasize the importance of maintaining a high index of suspicion for lymphoma in atypical soft tissue masses.

Main Methods:

  • Case presentation of a 64-year-old female with a 2-year history of left lower limb swelling.
  • Clinical examination revealing hard, fixed, multifocal swellings.
  • Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) demonstrating a heterogeneous mass encasing neurovascular structures.
  • Ultrasound-guided biopsy for histopathological diagnosis.
  • Immunohistochemistry to determine the specific subtype of lymphoma.

Main Results:

  • The biopsy confirmed diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), GCB subtype.
  • The mass was located in the soft tissues of the left lower limb, involving muscles and subcutaneous tissue.
  • Radiological findings mimicked a soft tissue sarcoma.
  • The patient had no palpable lymphadenopathy or hepatosplenomegaly.

Conclusions:

  • Extranodal soft tissue DLBCL can clinically and radiologically masquerade as soft tissue sarcoma.
  • A high index of suspicion for lymphoma is warranted in cases of atypical soft tissue masses, particularly when lymphadenopathy is absent.
  • Immunohistochemistry following biopsy is essential for accurate diagnosis and appropriate management of extranodal lymphomas.