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Related Concept Videos

Tooth Anatomy01:21

Tooth Anatomy

The human tooth enables us to eat a variety of foods, speak clearly, and even aid in shaping our faces. Teeth are composed of various elements that work together. Here's a detailed look at the anatomy of a human tooth.
The Crown, Neck, and Root
The visible part of the tooth is referred to as the crown. It's covered by enamel, the hardest substance in the human body. The crown is uniquely shaped for each type of tooth, allowing for different functions such as cutting, tearing, or grinding food.
Assessment of the Mouth01:26

Assessment of the Mouth

A thorough mouth assessment, including inspection and palpation of the lips, gums, tongue, tonsils, uvula, and pharynx, is crucial in detecting potential health issues. Diseases ranging from oral cancer to systemic conditions like diabetes could be identified early through careful oral examination. This article provides a detailed guide on conducting a comprehensive mouth assessment.
Mouth Inspection
The inspection begins with visually examining the mouth for symmetry, color, and size.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 2, 2026

Ratiometric Imaging of Extracellular pH in Dental Biofilms
13:05

Ratiometric Imaging of Extracellular pH in Dental Biofilms

Published on: March 9, 2016

Artificial Intelligence-Assisted pH Mapping of Tooth-Surface Acidity Patterns.

Ying Liu1,2, Xiyuan Huang1, Xinyi Qu1

  • 1Key Laboratory of Sensing Technology and Biomedical Instruments of Guangdong Province, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China.

ACS Omega
|June 1, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A new AI-enhanced imaging platform visualizes tooth acidity patterns, aiding early detection of dental caries. This low-cost method offers spatial insights into acidic microenvironments for improved oral health monitoring.

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Last Updated: Jun 2, 2026

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Dental Research
  • Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare

Background:

  • Dental caries is a prevalent global infectious disease.
  • Current methods for detecting tooth acidity lack spatial resolution.
  • Visualizing localized acidity is crucial for early caries detection.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop an AI-enhanced optical imaging platform for visualizing tooth-surface acidity patterns.
  • To move beyond single-point measurements to spatially resolved imaging of oral microenvironments.
  • To establish a proof-of-concept for low-cost, accessible caries detection.

Main Methods:

  • Integration of an imprint-based colorimetric assay with a food-derived pH indicator.
  • Development of an AI-assisted image analysis workflow guided by dentist annotations.
  • Pilot study exploring supervised, annotation-guided image analysis for spatial pH mapping.

Main Results:

  • The platform visualizes localized acidogenic activity, indicating cariogenic bacteria presence.
  • Detection of lactic acid at concentrations as low as 5 mM was achieved.
  • Multisite results were obtained within 5 minutes with qualitative spatial correspondence to clinical findings.

Conclusions:

  • The study demonstrates the feasibility of treating the dentition as an analytically accessible surface.
  • An AI-assisted analytical concept for relating spatial pH patterns to clinical findings was explored.
  • This approach offers a pathway toward low-cost visualization of microenvironments for at-home and low-resource settings.