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[Eosinophilic otitis media]

Anne-Sophie Homøe1, Kasper Aanæs1, Jens Tidemandsen1

  • 1Afdeling for ~re-Næse-Halskirurgi og Audiologi, Københavns Universitetshospital - Rigshospitalet.

Ugeskrift for Laeger
|June 9, 2026
PubMed

Insights

Eosinophilic otitis media (EOM), a rare ear condition, often co-occurs with asthma and CRSwNP. Mepolizumab treatment significantly improved symptoms and hearing in two patients with severe EOM.

Area of Science:

  • Otolaryngology
  • Immunology
  • Allergy

Background:

  • Eosinophilic otitis media (EOM) is a rare, severe middle ear disease.
  • EOM is characterized by eosinophilic secretions and can lead to irreversible hearing loss.
  • It is frequently associated with asthma and chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP), driven by type-2 inflammation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report the efficacy of mepolizumab in treating severe EOM.
  • To evaluate the impact of IL-5 inhibition on EOM symptoms and hearing.
  • To assess the potential of targeted therapy in patients with coexisting asthma and CRSwNP.

Main Methods:

  • Case report of two patients with severe EOM, asthma, and CRSwNP.
  • Patients received treatment with mepolizumab, an IL-5 inhibitor.
  • Outcomes assessed included ear symptoms, hearing levels, and systemic steroid requirements.

Main Results:

  • Mepolizumab treatment led to significant improvement in ear symptoms.
  • Patients experienced enhanced hearing following treatment.
  • The need for systemic steroid therapy was reduced.

Conclusions:

  • Mepolizumab is a promising therapeutic option for severe EOM, particularly in patients with comorbid asthma and CRSwNP.
  • Targeting IL-5 may effectively manage EOM by addressing the underlying type-2 inflammation.
  • Further research is warranted to confirm these findings in larger cohorts.

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