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Household Basic Needs Support and Insufficient Sleep Among United States High School Students: Evidence From the 2023
Sasha R Sioni1, Nishka Jakkidi1, Claudia Morales1
1Department of Medical Education, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA.
None:
BackgroundInsufficient school-night sleep is common among U.S. adolescents. The 2023 Youth Risk Behavior Survey (YRBS) includes a basic-needs support item about adult effort to ensure safety, clean clothes, and food.MethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional secondary analysis of the 2023 national YRBS. Insufficient sleep was defined as fewer than 8 hours on an average school night. Support was coded as present versus lacking. Survey-weighted models adjusted for demographic, behavioral, mental-health, and BMI covariates.ResultsAmong students with nonmissing sleep data (n = 17,441), 76.8% reported insufficient sleep. In the sleep/support frame (n = 15,607), prevalence was 76.0% with support present and 82.0% with support lacking. In the multiply-imputed primary model (m = 20), lacking support was associated with a small, statistically detectable increase in insufficient sleep (aPR = 1.052, 95% CI 1.007 to 1.098; ARD = +4.3 percentage points, 95% CI + 0.5 to +8.1). A complete-case sensitivity model gave a comparable but less precise estimate (aPR = 1.036, 95% CI 0.990 to 1.085).ConclusionsLacking perceived basic-needs support marked higher unadjusted insufficient-sleep prevalence, but adjusted estimates were modest. Sleep screening and basic-needs assessment may be clinically useful together; longitudinal work is needed to clarify directionality.
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