Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Epidural Anesthesia01:29

Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Epidural Anesthesia

Epidural anesthetics are administered in the fat-filled epidural space, the outermost part of the spinal canal. This technique is commonly employed for pain management and anesthesia during lower abdomen and pelvis surgeries or labor and delivery.
Since epidural anesthetics can be infused through an epidural catheter, all types of drugs, including short-acting ones, can be administered. Chloroprocaine and lidocaine are examples of short and long-duration anesthetics, respectively. Bupivacaine...
Opioid Analgesics: Morphine and Other Natural Cogeners01:20

Opioid Analgesics: Morphine and Other Natural Cogeners

Opioids are a class of drugs that mimic endogenous opioid peptides and act on opioid receptors, and help in pain relief. These compounds are classified as natural, synthetic, or semi-synthetic. Natural opioids, like morphine, codeine, and thebaine, are derived from the opium poppy plant (Papaver somniferum or Papaver album) and are termed opiates. Synthetic opioids are artificial, while semi-synthetic opioids combine natural and synthetic compounds. Morphine, a prototypical opioid, possesses a...
Opioid Analgesics: Synthetic and Semisynthetic Opioids01:15

Opioid Analgesics: Synthetic and Semisynthetic Opioids

Synthetic and semisynthetic opioids are pivotal in pain management and tackling opioid addiction. Semisynthetic opioids, including morphinans (morphine derivatives), oxycodone, oxymorphone, hydrocodone, and hydromorphone, have improved pharmacokinetic profiles compared to morphine. Additionally, heroin and 6-MAM (6-Monoacetylmorphine) show better CNS penetration than morphine due to heightened lipid solubility. Hydromorphone, a potent opioid, undergoes hepatic metabolism to form the active...
Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Spinal Anesthesia01:11

Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Spinal Anesthesia

Spinal anesthetics are given during lower abdomen and limb surgeries to block sensory and motor neurons. They are administered in the mid to low lumbar regions, primarily acting on the cauda equina's nerve roots. The blockade level depends on the local anesthetic (LA) concentration. Usually, low LA concentrations are sufficient to block sensory fibers, while only high LA concentrations block motor fibers. Other factors like injection volume and speed, the patient's posture, and the drug...
General Anesthesia: Overview01:24

General Anesthesia: Overview

Anesthesia is a medical procedure that uses drugs for CNS suppression to enable painless surgeries and procedures. The selection of anesthetics is influenced by their pharmacokinetic properties, side effects, and patient characteristics. Various types of anesthesia include general, local, regional, spinal, and inhalational.
General anesthesia induces unconsciousness in the whole body, while the others target specific areas or sensations. It is administered to minimize adverse effects, maintain...
Analgesia and Pain Management01:25

Analgesia and Pain Management

Pain is critical to various clinical pathologies, provoking an urgent need for effective management. Pain, whether acute or chronic, is a complex neurochemical process. Its alleviation depends on the type, with nonopioid analgesics effective for mild to moderate pain, such as musculoskeletal or inflammatory pain, while neuropathic pain responds best to anticonvulsants, tricyclic antidepressants, or serotonin/norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors. For severe acute or chronic pain, opioids may be...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Development of a psychiatric pharmacy internship program at a children's hospital.

American journal of health-system pharmacy : AJHP : official journal of the American Society of Health-System Pharmacists·2026
Same author

Daily changes in the phosphoproteome of the dinoflagellate Lingulodinium polyedra.

Protist·2026
Same author

Validation of the Transmasculine and Gender Diverse Pelvic Symptom Index: Erratum.

Urogynecology (Philadelphia, Pa.)·2026
Same author

Patient Factors Associated with Presacral Space Depth: A Pelvic MRI Study.

International urogynecology journal·2026
Same author

Away Rotations and Urogynecology Fellowship Match: A Retrospective Study.

Urogynecology (Philadelphia, Pa.)·2026
Same author

Enhancing Voiding Trial Adherence Using QR Code-Based Video Education.

Urogynecology (Philadelphia, Pa.)·2026
Same journal

Response to Letter to the Editor re: "Factors Associated With Persistent Bothersome Urinary Symptoms and Leakage After Pregnancy".

Urogynecology (Philadelphia, Pa.)·2026
Same journal

Methodological Considerations in Postpartum Urinary Incontinence: Addressing Occupational and Clinical Confounders.

Urogynecology (Philadelphia, Pa.)·2026
Same journal

Response to Letter to the Editor re: "Nocturnal Polyuria and MACE: Neuroendocrine Links Explaining Sex Differences" and "Nocturia and Cardiovascular Events: Risk Factor or Clinical Marker?"

Urogynecology (Philadelphia, Pa.)·2026
Same journal

Nocturnal Polyuria and MACE: Neuroendocrine Links Explaining Sex Differences.

Urogynecology (Philadelphia, Pa.)·2026
Same journal

Nocturia and Cardiovascular Events: Risk Factor or Clinical Marker?

Urogynecology (Philadelphia, Pa.)·2026
Same journal

Letter to the Editor re: Using Chatbot to Better Understand What Matters Most to Urogynecologic Patients.

Urogynecology (Philadelphia, Pa.)·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 16, 2026

Regenerative Peripheral Nerve Interface: Surgical Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial in Postamputation Pain
03:53

Regenerative Peripheral Nerve Interface: Surgical Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial in Postamputation Pain

Published on: March 15, 2024

Perioperative Gabapentin and Opioid Requirements: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Anna Guanzon1, Douglass Hale2, David Morse2

  • 1Aurora Health Care, Green Bay, WI.

Urogynecology (Philadelphia, Pa.)
|June 15, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study found that preoperative gabapentin was not proven to be as effective as adding postoperative gabapentin for reducing opioid prescriptions after prolapse surgery. Further research is needed to determine optimal nonopioid analgesic regimens.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 16, 2026

Regenerative Peripheral Nerve Interface: Surgical Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial in Postamputation Pain
03:53

Regenerative Peripheral Nerve Interface: Surgical Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial in Postamputation Pain

Published on: March 15, 2024

Area of Science:

  • Anesthesiology and Pain Management
  • Gynecologic Surgery
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Nonopioid analgesics are crucial for managing postoperative pain.
  • Optimal analgesic regimens, particularly the role of gabapentin, require further investigation.
  • Effective pain control strategies aim to minimize opioid reliance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate if preoperative gabapentin is noninferior to a regimen of preoperative and postoperative gabapentin for pain control after prolapse surgery.
  • To assess the impact of gabapentin timing on opioid prescription rates post-surgery.
  • To compare secondary outcomes including pain scores and opioid usage.

Main Methods:

  • A randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled noninferiority trial was conducted.
  • Participants undergoing prolapse repair received either preoperative gabapentin with postoperative placebo or preoperative and postoperative gabapentin.
  • The primary outcome was the percentage of patients needing an opioid prescription at discharge.

Main Results:

  • No significant difference was observed in opioid prescription rates at discharge between the groups (27.0% vs 32.0%).
  • Opioid refill requests within six weeks postoperatively also did not differ significantly between the groups.
  • The study did not meet its noninferiority margin for the primary outcome.

Conclusions:

  • The study could not establish noninferiority of a placebo to postoperative gabapentin in reducing opioid prescriptions.
  • The upper limit of the confidence interval exceeded the predefined noninferiority margin.
  • Further investigation is warranted to optimize gabapentin use in postoperative pain management for prolapse surgery.