The application of oxyanion modulation in electrocatalysts for oxygen evolution reaction: a review

Developing oxygen evolution reaction (OER) electrocatalysts that possess both high activity and stability is of great significance for promoting the industrialization of hydrogen production technology through water electrolysis. The core bottleneck of this technology lies in the complex four-electron transfer process and harsh oxidative environment of the OER, resulting in sluggish reaction kinetics and severe catalyst corrosion. In recent years, various modulation strategies have been proposed to enhance the OER performance of catalysts, among which oxyanion ions have demonstrated unique dynamic and interfacial regulatory effects. This review summarizes the research progress over the past decade in the modulation of OER catalysts by oxyanion ions, focusing on their roles in dynamic sacrifice and reconstruction, promotion of reaction kinetics, modulation of the microenvironment, and activation of the lattice oxygen mechanism (LOM). Finally, current challenges faced in this research area are highlighted, and perspectives are provided for the future development of high-performance OER electrocatalysts.