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Updated: Jun 19, 2026

In Vitro Modeling of Fat Deposition in Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease
07:03

In Vitro Modeling of Fat Deposition in Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease

Published on: July 19, 2024

High Remnant Cholesterol Increased the Risk of Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Fatty Liver Disease (MAFLD) or

Taufik Biya1, Himawan Sanusi1, Andi Makbul Aman1

  • 1Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia.

Journal of the ASEAN Federation of Endocrine Societies
|June 18, 2026
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Elevated remnant cholesterol significantly increases the risk of developing metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) or non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). This finding highlights remnant cholesterol as a key risk factor for these common liver conditions.

Area of Science:

  • Hepatology
  • Metabolic Disorders
  • Cardiovascular Research

Background:

  • Metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is the most prevalent chronic liver condition.
  • MAFLD is closely linked to obesity, diabetes, and metabolic dysregulation.
  • It is characterized by hepatic lipid accumulation due to impaired lipid metabolism.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the association between elevated remnant cholesterol levels and the incidence of MAFLD and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).

Main Methods:

  • A systematic review and meta-analysis adhering to PRISMA guidelines.
  • Searched Cochrane Library and PubMed for studies up to March 21, 2025, on remnant cholesterol and fatty liver disease.
  • Included six cross-sectional studies with 45,821 participants; assessed data quality using JBI and ROBINS-I tools.

Main Results:

  • A significant association was found between higher remnant cholesterol levels and increased risk of MAFLD/NAFLD.
  • The meta-analysis revealed a relative risk (RR) of 3.18 (95% CI 1.89-5.37; p <0.00001).
  • High heterogeneity (I² = 99%) indicates a robust link between remnant cholesterol and hepatic disorders.

Conclusions:

  • Increased remnant cholesterol is a significant risk factor for MAFLD and NAFLD.
  • This finding underscores the importance of monitoring remnant cholesterol in liver health.
  • Remnant cholesterol levels are strongly associated with the prevalence of fatty liver diseases.
Keywords:
MAFLDNAFLDinsulin resistanceremnant cholesterol

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