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Updated: Jun 26, 2026

TiO2-coated Hollow Glass Microspheres with Superhydrophobic and High IR-reflective Properties Synthesized by a Soft-chemistry Method
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Weather-Resistant Thermoresponsive UV-Curable Smart Window Composites Based on Paraffin Particles.

Marc Villabona1, Lorenzo Vallan2, Daniel Ruiz-Molina2

  • 1Departament de Química, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Edifici C/n Campus UAB, Cerdanyola del Vallès 08193, Spain.

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
|June 25, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Novel smart window composites use paraffin particles in acrylate matrices for tunable sunlight transmittance. These durable, water-resistant films offer a scalable and cost-effective solution for next-generation smart windows.

Keywords:
UV-curable coatingsphase change materialspolymer compositessolid lipid particlesthermoresponsive smart windows

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Polymer Science
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Thermoresponsive composites are key for smart windows, regulating sunlight transmittance.
  • Existing water-soluble composites lack durability, while water-resistant ones have optical issues or require expensive materials.
  • Limitations include poor weathering, swelling/dissolving in water, and undesired optical properties.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop novel thermoresponsive composite films for smart windows.
  • To overcome limitations of existing smart window materials.
  • To create a robust, scalable, and cost-effective platform for smart window technologies.

Main Methods:

  • Dispersing readily available paraffin particles within a cross-linked, water-insoluble acrylate matrix.
  • Utilizing photopolymerization for film production.
  • Characterizing thermoresponsive and optical properties.

Main Results:

  • Developed water-insoluble composite films with excellent water resistance.
  • Achieved tunable sunlight transmittance via paraffin melting and solidification.
  • Demonstrated transparency at low temperatures and opacity at higher temperatures.
  • Films produced via photopolymerization are fast, straightforward, and scalable.

Conclusions:

  • Paraffin-acrylate composites offer a robust and scalable platform for smart windows.
  • These materials exhibit excellent water resistance and tunable optical properties.
  • The developed composites are cost-effective, mechanically flexible, and exhibit multi-stimuli-responsive behavior.