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Related Concept Videos

Preventive Healthcare Services01:30

Preventive Healthcare Services

Preventive healthcare services keep people healthy via frequent check-ups, screening, and counseling. They primarily aid in disease prevention rather than treating an acute or chronic illness. Preventive treatment also keeps individuals productive and energetic, allowing them to work well into their retirement years. Examples of preventive care services include:
Primary Healthcare Services01:30

Primary Healthcare Services

Primary care promotes wellness and prevents disease. This care includes health promotion, education, protection (such as immunizations), early disease screening, and environmental considerations. Settings providing this type of healthcare include physician offices, public health clinics, school nursing, and community health nursing.
In 1978, international leaders convened in Alma-Ata, Kazakhstan, for what would be a pivotal event in global health. The Alma-Ata Declaration was the first to call...
Levels of Health Promotion and Illness Prevention01:26

Levels of Health Promotion and Illness Prevention

Health promotion allows a person to control the determinants of health, resulting in an improved health status. It enhances the quality of life and reduces premature deaths. Health promotion and illness prevention programs help people make beneficial choices to reduce the risk of disease and disabilities. There are three health promotion and illness prevention levels: primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention.
In primary prevention, actions taken before disease onset prevent the disease from...
Standards of Care II01:19

Standards of Care II

Nurses bear specific legal responsibilities under several federal statutes, including:
Data Collection III01:05

Data Collection III

The physical assessment examines the patient for objective data that defines the patient's condition, and aids in formulating the nursing care plan. The purpose of physical assessment is a health status appraisal, which includes identifying health problems, and establishing a database for nursing intervention.
The principles to begin the physical assessment include conducting a comprehensive or problem-related history in a quiet, well-lit room, emphasizing privacy and comfort for the patient.
Standards of Care I01:22

Standards of Care I

Federal statutes profoundly impact nursing practice, providing critical guidelines to ensure patient care is equitable, accessible, and of the highest quality. The following laws address distinct aspects of healthcare provision and patient rights:

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Philippine Clinical Practice Guidelines for Periodic Health Examination: Screening for Congenital and Developmental Disorders.

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Philippine Periodic Health Examination (PHEX) Guidelines.

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2021 Clinical Practice Guidelines on Periodic Health Examination.

Ian Theodore G Cabaluna1, Maria Vanessa V Sulit1, Myzelle Anne J Infantado-Alejandro2

  • 1Institute of Clinical Epidemiology, National Institutes of Health, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines.

Acta Medica Philippina
|July 1, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The 2021 Philippine Guidelines on Periodic Health Examination (PHEX) update provides evidence-based screening recommendations for primary care, aligning with Universal Health Care. It guides safe, accessible, and cost-effective practices for various conditions.

Keywords:
guidelinesperiodic health examinationpreventionscreening

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Clinical Practice Guidelines
  • Preventive Medicine

Background:

  • The 2004 Philippine Guidelines on Periodic Health Examination (PHEX) offered initial evidence-based prevention strategies.
  • This 2021 clinical practice guideline (CPG) updates PHEX recommendations to support the Universal Health Care Act's implementation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide updated, evidence-based recommendations for periodic health examinations in the Philippines.
  • To guide primary care providers, specialists, patients, and the public on safe, accessible, and cost-effective screening practices.
  • To align screening practices with the goals of the Universal Health Care Act.

Main Methods:

  • Followed the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach, including the GRADE Adolopment and Evidence-to-Decision framework.
  • Recommendations developed by a multisectoral panel using formal consensus, evaluating evidence on benefits, harms, cost-effectiveness, patient values, acceptability, feasibility, and equity.
  • Conflicts of interest managed by a dedicated committee.

Main Results:

  • 23 recommendation statements were issued.
  • Strong recommendations for screening: Hypertension, Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (fasting blood sugar), adult obesity (BMI), unhealthy alcohol use, tobacco smoking, colorectal cancer, and cervical cancer.
  • Strong recommendations AGAINST screening: Developmental delay, coronary artery disease (ECG), and Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) (serum creatinine). Weak recommendations for/against other conditions including lipid disorders, HBA1C for T2DM, malnutrition, depression, and anemia.

Conclusions:

  • The guideline encourages adherence while respecting clinical judgment and patient-specific needs.
  • Recommendations can serve as quality-of-care indicators for primary care programs.
  • Guideline statements will be reviewed and updated every three years or as new evidence emerges.