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Updated: Jul 7, 2026
08:40
Establishment and Characterization of UTI and CAUTI in a Mouse Model
Published on: June 23, 2015
Predictive Factors for Upper Urinary Tract Stones Combined with Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae Associated
Xuming Zhang1, Chaoyue Ji1, Zhichao Chi1
1Department of Urology, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 102218, People's Republic of China.
Infection and Drug Resistance
|July 6, 2026
Summary
Predicting carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) bacteriuria in patients with upper urinary tract stones is possible. Recent fever, ureteral stents, and positive urinary nitrite are key indicators for early identification.
Area of Science:
- Infectious Diseases
- Urology
- Microbiology
Background:
- Upper urinary tract stones increase susceptibility to complicated urinary tract infections.
- Antimicrobial resistance, particularly carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE), poses a significant threat.
- Patients with urinary stones are a vulnerable population for developing CRE infections.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify predictive factors for carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) bacteriuria in patients with upper urinary tract stones.
- To develop a diagnostic model for early risk stratification of CRE infections in this cohort.
- To address the growing challenge of antimicrobial resistance in urological infections.
Main Methods:
- A cross-sectional study involving 2029 inpatients with upper urinary tract stones.
- Comparison of 31 patients with CRE bacteriuria against 124 matched controls without CRE.
- Analysis of clinical data, stone characteristics, and laboratory parameters using univariate and multivariate logistic regression.
Main Results:
- Predominant CRE pathogens identified were *Escherichia coli* and *Klebsiella pneumoniae*.
- Independent predictive factors for CRE bacteriuria included recent fever (OR=3.24), indwelling ureteral stent (OR=12.97), and positive urinary nitrite (OR=2.92).
- A diagnostic model incorporating these factors showed strong predictive accuracy (AUC=0.83).
Conclusions:
- Recent fever, indwelling ureteral stents, and positive urinary nitrite are significant predictors of CRE bacteriuria in patients with upper urinary tract stones.
- The developed diagnostic model shows promise for early identification of high-risk patients.
- Further large-scale studies are warranted to validate the model for clinical application in managing CRE infections.
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