Maxillomandibular Advancement Outcomes in Obstructive Sleep Apnea by Age and Gender

Area of Science:

• Surgical treatment outcomes
• Sleep medicine
• Otolaryngology

Background:

• Maxillomandibular advancement (MMA) is a highly effective surgical intervention for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA).
• The impact of patient demographics like age and gender on MMA efficacy is not well-established.
• This study addresses this gap by analyzing MMA outcomes stratified by age and gender.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate the outcomes of maxillomandibular advancement (MMA) surgery for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA).
• To determine if patient age and gender influence the success and cure rates of MMA.
• To provide evidence-based insights for patient selection and counseling.

Main Methods:

• A systematic meta-analysis was conducted using data from CINAHL, Cochrane Library, PubMed, and Scopus.
• Included studies reported age- or gender-specific outcomes for adult OSA patients undergoing MMA.
• Key outcome measures included cephalometric changes, apnea-hypopnea index (AHI), Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), SpO2 nadir, surgical success, and cure rates.

Main Results:

• MMA significantly improved AHI, ESS, and LSAT in OSA patients (p < 0.05).
• No significant differences in treatment improvement were observed between males and females or across different age groups.
• While surgical success and cure rates were comparable between genders, increasing age was associated with a statistically significant decrease in the odds of cure (OR=0.97 annually, p=0.029).

Conclusions:

• Maxillomandibular advancement is a robust treatment for OSA, offering significant benefits irrespective of patient age or gender.
• Outcomes are generally consistent across demographic groups.
• Clinicians should discuss the slightly reduced likelihood of complete surgical cure with older adult patients.