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Diffuse Plane Xanthoma
Yee Won Kim1, Seda G Sahin1, Humza Zaidi1
1University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT, USA.
Clinics in Dermatology
|July 28, 2026
Summary
Diffuse plane xanthoma (DPX) is a rare skin condition often indicating underlying hematologic malignancies. Treating the primary condition typically resolves the xanthomas.
Area of Science:
- Dermatology
- Hematology
- Oncology
Background:
- Diffuse plane xanthoma (DPX) is a rare dermatologic condition.
- DPX can be a sign of serious underlying hematologic or malignant conditions.
- Associated conditions include multiple myeloma, lymphomas, and leukemias.
Purpose of the Study:
- To describe the clinical and histological features of DPX.
- To highlight DPX as a potential indicator of systemic disease.
- To discuss management strategies focusing on the underlying cause.
Main Methods:
- Clinical case description and histological analysis.
- Immunohistochemical staining for macrophage markers.
- Review of associated systemic conditions.
Main Results:
- DPX presents as nonpruritic, flat, yellowish macules/patches on the face, neck, and upper body.
- Histology shows lipid-laden macrophages in the dermis.
- Immunohistochemistry confirms macrophage markers with negative lipid staining.
Conclusions:
- DPX is a significant clinical sign requiring investigation for underlying hematologic malignancies.
- No specific treatment for DPX exists, but addressing the primary condition is key.
- Management involves treating the associated systemic disease, which often leads to xanthoma resolution.
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