Metabolic Supercharging: Active Learning Strategies for Increasing Student Engagement With Metabolism

Metabolism is a central component of biochemistry and biochemistry education. Metabolism, however, presents a challenge to students. Many students struggle to progress beyond rote memorization of enzymes, metabolites, and reaction steps and into understanding the underlying chemical logic and metabolic principles of metabolism. To better engage students in learning metabolism, metabolic principles can be taught within an active learning framework. Active learning is a broad category of pedagogical techniques, focusing on higher order thinking, critical analysis, and group work, wherein students move from passive receivers of knowledge to self-directed learners. Herein, we provide a systematic review of recent active learning activities related to metabolism and their pedagogical benefits. The review is structured around three common categories of active learning exercises: virtual metabolic activities, physical models and games, and problem-based learning. Within each category, active learning exercises are described that can be tailored to fit each instructor's learning goals, student population, and resource availability. Exercises are available with supportive Supporting Information to assist faculty with implementing these exercises. Metabolism remains relevant in modern biochemistry with applications in bioengineering, flux analysis, systems biology, and disease regulation, and active learning better engages students in learning metabolism.