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Related Experiment Videos

Hypodontia in twins

M Markovic

    Swedish Dental Journal. Supplement
    |January 1, 1982
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Hypodontia, or missing teeth, is common in twins, especially identical twins. Genetic factors play a significant role, with identical twins showing a much higher risk of sharing this condition.

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    Area of Science:

    • Dentistry
    • Human Genetics
    • Twin Studies

    Background:

    • Hypodontia, the congenital absence of teeth, is a common dental anomaly.
    • Understanding the genetic basis of hypodontia is crucial for predicting recurrence risks.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To determine the frequency and concordance rates of hypodontia in monozygotic and dizygotic twins.
    • To estimate the empirical risk of hypodontia in twin pairs.

    Main Methods:

    • Analysis of plaster study models and radiographs from 165 twin pairs (99 monozygotic, 66 dizygotic).
    • Assessment of hypodontia frequency, concordance-discordance rates, and empirical risks.

    Main Results:

    • Hypodontia was observed in 8.5% of twin pairs, consistent with general population frequencies.

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  • Second maxillary incisors and lower second premolars were most frequently affected.
  • Monozygotic twins exhibited a significantly higher concordance rate (88.9%) for hypodontia compared to dizygotic twins (0%).
  • The risk of hypodontia in a co-twin was 57%, increasing to 89% for monozygotic twins and 0% for dizygotic twins.

    • Conclusions:

    • Hypodontia in twins has a substantial genetic component.
    • Monozgotic twins share a higher risk of hypodontia, indicating strong genetic influence.
    • The findings provide valuable data for genetic counseling regarding hypodontia recurrence in twins.