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Renal function abnormalities induced by marathon running

J A Neviackas, J H Bauer

    Southern Medical Journal
    |December 1, 1981
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Marathon running can impair kidney function, especially in warm weather. Runners experienced abnormal urinalysis and reduced inulin clearance, with effects dependent on race temperature.

    Area of Science:

    • Nephrology
    • Exercise Physiology
    • Environmental Medicine

    Background:

    • Marathon racing is a strenuous endurance event.
    • Potential impacts of marathon running on renal function are not fully understood.
    • Environmental factors like temperature may influence physiological responses.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To evaluate changes in renal function in asymptomatic runners after marathon races.
    • To investigate the influence of ambient temperature (warm vs. cold) on these renal changes.
    • To assess the recovery of renal function one week post-marathon.

    Main Methods:

    • Study included asymptomatic runners participating in warm and cold weather marathons (42 km).
    • Measurements included serum electrolytes, creatine phosphokinase (CPK), urinalysis, urinary myoglobin, and renal function tests (para-aminohippurate [PAH] and inulin clearances).

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  • Assessments were conducted pre-race, 6 hours post-race, and 1 week post-race.
  • Main Results:

    • Post-race, CPK levels were higher in warm weather runners; urinalysis was abnormal in all runners.
    • Urinary myoglobin was detected post-race in warm weather runners only.
    • Warm weather runners showed a 50% decrease in inulin clearance post-race, while cold weather runners had no significant change in renal function tests.

    Conclusions:

    • Marathon running induces renal function abnormalities in asymptomatic runners.
    • The severity of these renal function abnormalities is dependent on ambient temperature.
    • Kidney function generally recovers by one week, but temperature-related differences persist.