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Biologic response to an intraoral extraosseous implant system: a pilot study
G T Kluemper1, R D Marciani, K J Smith
1Graduate Orthodontic Program, University of Kentucky, College of Dentistry, Lexington 40536-0084, USA.
Implant Dentistry
|January 1, 1995
Summary
This pilot study investigated intraoral extraosseous implants for orthodontic anchorage in sheep. Results indicated significant bone resorption, implant mobility, and infection, suggesting this system is not viable.
Area of Science:
- Orthodontics
- Biomaterials Science
- Veterinary Medicine
Background:
- Extraoral force systems in orthodontics rely heavily on patient cooperation.
- Current intraoral anchorage options include endosseous implants, which have limitations such as a 4-month loading period, placement restrictions, and the need for surgical removal.
- There is a need for alternative intraoral anchorage solutions in orthodontics.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the feasibility and outcomes of an intraoral extraosseous implant as an orthodontic anchorage source.
- To evaluate implant stability, tissue response, and bone changes associated with this novel anchorage system in an animal model.
Main Methods:
- Titanium ramus implants were surgically placed on the lateral surface of the left rami in 12 sheep.
- Clinical assessments of implant stability and surrounding tissue condition were performed.
- Bone changes were evaluated histologically after euthanasia, with post-operative periods ranging from 43 to 84 days.
Main Results:
- Infection was observed in most animals at the time of euthanasia.
- All implants demonstrated mobility.
- Significant bone resorption and apposition were noted in the rami adjacent to the implants.
Conclusions:
- The intraoral extraosseous implant system tested in this sheep model resulted in adverse outcomes including bone resorption, implant mobility, and infection.
- These findings suggest that this specific intraoral extraosseous implant design may not be suitable for orthodontic anchorage due to significant complications.
