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Management of immediate allergic reactions
1Allied Health Sciences, Sinclair Community College, Dayton, Ohio, USA.
Dental Clinics of North America
|July 1, 1995
Summary
Dental professionals must identify and manage allergic drug reactions. Prompt assessment using ABCs and oxygen, followed by diphenhydramine or epinephrine based on severity, is crucial for patient safety.
Area of Science:
- Dentistry
- Pharmacology
- Allergy Management
Background:
- Allergic and pseudoallergic drug reactions are potential risks in dental practice.
- Comprehensive patient medical history is vital for preventing adverse events.
Purpose of the Study:
- To outline immediate management strategies for allergic drug reactions in dentistry.
- To provide guidance on assessing and treating patients experiencing adverse drug reactions during dental procedures.
Main Methods:
- Review of standard emergency protocols for allergic reactions.
- Emphasis on ABC assessment (Airway, Breathing, Circulation) and oxygen administration.
- Guidelines for the use of diphenhydramine and epinephrine based on reaction severity.
Main Results:
- Immediate management involves ABC assessment and oxygen.
- Drug choice (diphenhydramine or epinephrine) depends on reaction severity.
- Epinephrine may require repeated doses due to its short duration of action.
Conclusions:
- Dentists must be prepared to manage immediate allergic reactions.
- Standardized protocols ensure prompt and effective patient care.
- Severe reactions necessitate emergency medical services transfer for definitive treatment.