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Low molecular weight components from black widow spider venom
T M Volkova1, K A Pluzhnikov, P G Woll
1Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow.
Summary
Low molecular weight proteins from black widow spider venom (alpha-LTX) were isolated and characterized. These components showed no direct toxicity in mice or insects, suggesting alpha-LTX
Area of Science:
- Biochemistry
- Toxicology
- Entomology
Background:
- Black widow spider venom contains alpha-latrotoxin (alpha-LTX), a potent neurotoxin.
- Alpha-LTX is composed of high and low molecular weight components.
Purpose of the Study:
- To isolate and characterize low molecular weight proteins (LMWP and LMWP2) from black widow spider venom.
- To investigate the toxicological effects of these isolated proteins on vertebrates and insects.
Main Methods:
- Isolation of low molecular weight proteins from venom.
- Chemical property analysis and partial amino acid sequencing of LMWP2.
- Intravenous and intracerebroventricular injections in mice.
- Thoracic segment injections in cockroaches (Periplaneta americana).
Main Results:
- Two low molecular weight proteins, LMWP and LMWP2, were successfully isolated.
- LMWP and LMWP2 exhibited no direct toxic effects in mice at tested concentrations (2.3 mg/kg and 0.8 mg/kg).
- Injections of LMWP and LMWP2 into cockroaches did not induce lethality or paralysis at doses up to 80 micrograms/g.
Conclusions:
- The low molecular weight components of black widow spider venom do not possess direct toxicity.
- Further research may be needed to understand the role of these LMWPs in the overall venom activity.