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[Microphthalmos and its pathogenic classification]
1Department of Ophthalmology, Nagoya City University Medical School, Aich-ken, Japan.
Nippon Ganka Gakkai Zasshi
|December 1, 1994
Summary
Congenital microphthalmos, a common eye malformation, is classified based on new findings. This research details its causes, including developmental issues and environmental factors like fetal alcohol syndrome.
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology
- Developmental Biology
- Genetics
Context:
- Congenital microphthalmos is a frequent clinical finding.
- Previous research explored hereditary and environmental causes.
- Fetal alcohol syndrome is a recently identified cause.
Purpose:
- To present a final pathogenic classification of microphthalmos.
- To integrate new findings on neural crest cells and glycosaminoglycans.
- To update the 1984 etiological classification.
Summary:
- Defines microphthalmos in adults and children using axial length and age-similar controls.
- Discusses variations in size and associated ocular/systemic complications.
- Highlights ethanol's role in fetal alcohol syndrome-induced microphthalmos.
- Presents a classification based on optic vesicle/cup development, anterior segment dysgenesis, lens/vitreous maldevelopment, embryonic fissure closure, and eyeball wall development.
Impact:
- Provides a comprehensive pathogenic classification for microphthalmos.
- Enhances understanding of microphthalmos etiology and pathogenesis.
- Offers insights into neural crest cell involvement and histochemical changes.