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Urinary tract stones in pregnancy
S K Swanson1, R L Heilman, W G Eversman
1Department of Urology, Mayo Clinic Scottsdale, Arizona.
The Surgical Clinics of North America
|February 1, 1995
Summary
Kidney stones in pregnancy pose risks to mother and fetus. Diagnosis and treatment are challenging due to pregnancy
Area of Science:
- Obstetrics and Gynecology
- Urology
- Nephrology
Background:
- Pregnancy presents unique metabolic and anatomical changes impacting kidney stone (lithiasis) formation.
- Predisposing factors for kidney stones in pregnant women are similar to non-pregnant women.
- Physiological hydronephrosis and anatomical shifts during pregnancy complicate diagnosis and treatment.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the challenges and management strategies for kidney stones during pregnancy.
- To highlight the importance of multidisciplinary care in managing pregnant patients with lithiasis.
Main Methods:
- Review of existing literature on kidney stones in pregnancy.
- Discussion of diagnostic modalities including renal ultrasonography and excretory urography.
- Analysis of treatment options suitable for pregnant patients.
Main Results:
- Renal ultrasonography is the recommended first-line diagnostic tool.
- Radiographic studies can be used cautiously, considering radiation risks.
- Most treatments, excluding extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy and certain medical procedures, are safe.
Conclusions:
- Effective management requires close collaboration between urologists, obstetricians, pediatricians, anesthesiologists, and radiologists.
- Early diagnosis and appropriate, coordinated treatment are crucial for favorable maternal and fetal outcomes.