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A novel animal model for investigating persistent airway hyperresponsiveness
E M Minshall1, M M Riccio, C M Herd
1Department of Pharmacology, King's College, University of London, England, Great Britain.
Journal of Pharmacological and Toxicological Methods
|December 1, 1993
Summary
Neonatal immunization with Alternaria tenuis antigen can induce persistent airway hyperresponsiveness in rabbits. This condition persists long-term without changes in airway inflammation or smooth muscle response.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Pulmonology
- Allergy Research
Background:
- Airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) is a hallmark of asthma.
- Understanding early-life factors influencing AHR development is crucial.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the development and persistence of AHR following neonatal immunization in rabbits.
- To explore the underlying mechanisms, including inflammation and smooth muscle reactivity.
Main Methods:
- Neonatal rabbits were immunized with Alternaria tenuis antigen and aluminum hydroxide adjuvant.
- Airway responsiveness to histamine was measured.
- Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) assessed inflammatory cells.
- Isolated bronchial smooth muscle responsiveness was tested.
Main Results:
- Neonatally immunized rabbits showed significantly increased airway responsiveness to histamine.
- This hyperresponsiveness persisted up to 12 months of age without further antigen challenge.
- No significant alterations in BAL inflammatory cells or bronchial smooth muscle responsiveness were observed.
Conclusions:
- Neonatal immunization can induce persistent airway hyperresponsiveness in rabbits.
- The maintenance of AHR is independent of detectable airway inflammation or altered smooth muscle function.
- This animal model offers a platform for studying interventions for AHR.