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Alprazolam in panic disorder: a retrospective analysis
R C Shelton1, D S Harvey, P M Stewart
1Department of Psychiatry, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN.
Summary
Alprazolam effectively treats panic disorder long-term, with 77% of patients showing recovery. However, caution is advised for patients with substance abuse histories due to potential misuse.
Area of Science:
- Psychiatry
- Pharmacology
Background:
- Panic disorder is a common anxiety condition requiring long-term management.
- Alprazolam is a commonly prescribed benzodiazepine for panic disorder.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the long-term effectiveness and safety of alprazolam in treating panic disorder.
- To identify factors associated with treatment outcomes and alprazolam misuse.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective chart review of 78 panic disorder outpatients treated with alprazolam.
- Assessment of demographics, medical history, and alprazolam abuse.
- Evaluation of patient improvement using the Clinical Global Index.
Main Results:
- 77% of patients achieved moderate to significant recovery.
- 41% of patients had comorbid major depression, often with agoraphobia and alcohol abuse history.
- No cases of DSM-III-R anxiolytic abuse were found, but 12% misused alprazolam, with a higher likelihood in those with a drug abuse history.
Conclusions:
- Alprazolam demonstrates efficacy in the long-term treatment of panic disorder, necessitating prolonged management.
- The study highlights concerns regarding alprazolam use in panic disorder patients with a history of substance abuse.