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[Non-invasive mechanical ventilation in intensive care]

G Montiel1, S Quadrelli, A J Roncoroni

  • 1Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Argentina.

Medicina
|January 1, 1996
PubMed
Summary

Non-invasive mechanical ventilation, including CPAP and IPPV, offers an alternative to endotracheal intubation for various respiratory conditions. These methods avoid intubation complications and are cost-effective but require patient cooperation and do not manage secretions well.

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Area of Science:

  • Pulmonology and Critical Care Medicine
  • Respiratory Therapy

Context:

  • Non-invasive mechanical ventilation (NIMV) provides an alternative to endotracheal intubation.
  • It is beneficial for patients with conditions like decreased lung compliance, airway obstruction, and hypoventilation.

Purpose:

  • To review the applications and benefits of non-invasive ventilation techniques.
  • To highlight the utility of Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) and Intermittent Positive Pressure Ventilation (IPPV).

Summary:

  • CPAP is useful for decreased lung compliance, airway obstruction, auto-PEEP, and as a weaning method.
  • IPPV is effective for neuromuscular diseases, central hypoventilation, decreased lung compliance, COPD, and weaning.
  • Both methods require patient cooperation and do not manage respiratory secretions effectively.

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Impact:

  • NIMV avoids complications associated with endotracheal intubation.
  • These methods can be implemented using less expensive equipment.
  • Offers a less invasive approach to respiratory support.