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Is there any difference between vacuum mixing systems in reducing bone cement porosity?
J S Wang1, S Toksvig-Larsen, P Müller-Wille
1Department of Orthopedics, Lund University Hospital, Sweden.
Journal of Biomedical Materials Research
|January 1, 1996
Summary
Vacuum mixing systems effectively reduce bone cement porosity, enhancing density. However, not all systems equally minimize large voids, with Optivac, Stryker, and Merck showing superior performance in reducing macropores.
Area of Science:
- Biomaterials Science
- Orthopedic Surgery
- Materials Engineering
Background:
- Bone cement porosity can compromise mechanical integrity and lead to complications.
- Vacuum mixing is a technique proposed to mitigate bone cement porosity.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the efficacy of six vacuum mixing systems in reducing porosity in Palacos R bone cement.
- To assess the effectiveness of three vacuum mixing systems in reducing porosity in Simplex P bone cement.
Main Methods:
- Six vacuum mixing systems (Cemvac, Merck, Mitvac, Optivac, Osteobond, Stryker) were tested with Palacos R bone cement.
- Optivac, Osteobond, and Stryker were further tested with Simplex P bone cement.
- Porosity (macropores and micropores) and density were compared to atmospheric mixing (control).
Main Results:
- All tested vacuum mixing systems reduced macropore and micropore numbers and increased density for both bone cements.
- Optivac, Stryker, and Merck systems significantly reduced macropore area percentage (>50%) for Palacos R.
- All three systems tested with Simplex P effectively reduced macropore numbers and area percentage.
Conclusions:
- Vacuum mixing is an effective method for reducing porosity in both high-viscosity (Palacos R) and medium-viscosity (Simplex P) bone cements.
- System selection is crucial, as not all vacuum mixing devices demonstrate comparable effectiveness in minimizing large voids.