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Diabetes and the nervous system

Y Harati1

  • 1Department of Neurology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA.

Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics of North America
|June 1, 1996
PubMed
Summary
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High blood sugar (hyperglycemia) damages the nervous system, increasing risks for brain and nerve diseases. New findings may connect metabolic and vascular factors in these diabetic complications.

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Endocrinology
  • Vascular Biology

Background:

  • Hyperglycemia and its vascular complications significantly impact the nervous system, leading to increased morbidity and mortality.
  • Chronic hyperglycemia is a major risk factor for cerebrovascular diseases and can negatively affect outcomes during cerebrovascular events.
  • Diabetes affects neurodegenerative disorder treatments and may contribute to a condition termed 'chronic diabetic encephalopathy'.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the multifaceted effects of hyperglycemia on the central and peripheral nervous systems.
  • To investigate the potential link between metabolic and vascular hypotheses in the pathogenesis of diabetic nervous system complications.
  • To summarize current understanding and emerging information regarding hyperglycemia's neurological impact.

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Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on hyperglycemia, vascular complications, and nervous system effects.
  • Analysis of research linking metabolic dysregulation and vascular pathology in diabetic neurological disorders.
  • Synthesis of information on diabetic encephalopathy and diabetic neuropathies.

Main Results:

  • Hyperglycemia adversely affects the entire nervous system, including the brain and peripheral nerves.
  • Evidence suggests a connection between metabolic and vascular factors in the development of diabetic neurological complications.
  • The pathogenesis of diabetic neuropathies remains largely obscure, despite new insights.

Conclusions:

  • Hyperglycemia poses a significant threat to nervous system health, contributing to severe complications.
  • Understanding the interplay between metabolic and vascular factors is crucial for addressing diabetic neurological damage.
  • Further research is needed to elucidate the exact mechanisms underlying diabetic neuropathies and encephalopathy.