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Related Experiment Videos

Virus-receptor interactions in the enteric tract. Virus-receptor interactions

K V Holmes1, D B Tresnan, B D Zelus

  • 1Department of Microbiology, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver 80262, USA.

Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology
|January 1, 1997
PubMed
Summary

Specific virus receptors on intestinal cells determine animal susceptibility to enterotropic viruses. Coronavirus-receptor interactions, like porcine and human coronaviruses using aminopeptidase N, are key to understanding and controlling viral diseases.

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Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Cell Biology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Viral entry into host cells is mediated by specific receptor interactions.
  • Understanding these interactions is crucial for determining host susceptibility and viral tropism.
  • Enterotropic viruses infect the intestinal tract, posing significant health challenges.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize the specificity of coronavirus-receptor interactions.
  • To highlight the role of cellular receptors in determining host range and tissue tropism for coronaviruses.
  • To explore potential strategies for controlling enteric viral diseases based on molecular mechanisms.

Main Methods:

  • Review and synthesis of existing literature on coronavirus-receptor interactions.
  • Analysis of studies identifying specific receptors used by different coronaviruses.

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  • Examination of species-specific differences in virus-receptor binding.

    • Main Results:

    • Porcine and human coronaviruses utilize aminopeptidase N as a species-specific receptor.
    • Mouse hepatitis virus employs rodent glycoproteins from the carcinoembryonic antigen family as receptors.
    • Some coronaviruses can also interact with cell surface carbohydrate moieties.

    Conclusions:

    • Coronavirus-receptor interactions are highly specific and influence host susceptibility and tropism.
    • Identifying these molecular mechanisms provides insights into viral pathogenesis.
    • This knowledge can inform the development of novel antiviral strategies for enteric viral infections.