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Related Experiment Videos

[Base excess] and [strong ion difference] during O2-CO2 exchange

R Schlichtig1

  • 1Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, V.A. Medical Center, Pennsylvania 15240, USA.

Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology
|January 1, 1997
PubMed
Summary

Arteriovenous strong ion difference (a-v [SID]p) may detect metabolic acid changes in tissues. This method, based on base excess (BE) concepts, offers an alternative to traditional BE measurements, especially in venous blood.

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Area of Science:

  • Physiology
  • Biochemistry
  • Medical Diagnostics

Background:

  • Detecting tissue metabolic acid production or uptake is crucial for understanding physiological states like endotoxemia, exercise, and shock.
  • Traditional methods like whole blood base excess (BE) have limitations in accuracy, particularly with venous blood due to hypercarbia and hemoglobin dilution.
  • The strong ion difference (SID) offers an alternative acid-base analysis approach, but its application in assessing arteriovenous differences requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To test the hypothesis that arteriovenous strong ion difference (a-v [SID]p) can be used to detect metabolic acid uptake or production by tissues.
  • To evaluate the relationship between a-v [SID]p and changes in oxygenated hemoglobin ([HbO2]) during simulated O2-CO2 exchange.
  • To assess the potential of a-v [SID]p as a tool for examining arteriovenous differences in metabolic acid, building upon base excess concepts.

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Main Methods:

  • A computer simulation of O2-CO2 exchange was performed using the Siggaard-Andersen base excess (BE) equations.
  • The study assumed that a change in BE is equivalent to a change in SID.
  • The simulation analyzed the linear relationship between a-v [SID]p and decreasing [HbO2] during equimolar O2-CO2 exchange.

Main Results:

  • Arteriovenous [SID]p decreased linearly with decreasing [HbO2] during simulated equimolar O2-CO2 exchange (delta mEq [SID]p.l-1 per delta gHbO2.dl-1 = 0.6, r2 = 1.0).
  • Erythrocyte BE ([BE]e) and SID ([SID]e) decreased commensurately, maintaining a constant whole blood BE ([BE]WB).
  • These observed changes were consistent with ion exchanges between erythrocytes and plasma, governed by the Gibbs-Donnan equilibrium.

Conclusions:

  • Arteriovenous [SID]p shows potential for examining arteriovenous differences in metabolic acid, aligning with base excess (BE) concepts.
  • The findings suggest that a-v [SID]p can be a viable alternative for assessing acid-base status in situations where traditional BE measurements may be less accurate.
  • Further research is warranted to validate the use of a-v [SID]p in clinical settings for identifying organs responsible for metabolic acid changes.