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Related Concept Videos

What is the Immune System?01:38

What is the Immune System?

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Skin is the first line of defense and encounters a variety of microbes. Some pathogenic strains are often the cause of a broad range of infections of the skin and other body systems. These conditions can affect people of all ages and may have different causes, including genetic factors, infections, autoimmune reactions, environmental factors, and lifestyle choices.
Gram-positive Staphylococcus spp. and Streptococcus spp. are responsible for many of the most common skin infections. However, many...
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The adaptive immune system, a crucial component of the overall immune response, offers a highly specialized defense against pathogens. It involves specific cell types and features, enabling it to combat infections effectively and efficiently.
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Autoimmune Disorders

Autoimmune diseases are a group of disorders in which the body's immune system mistakenly attacks its own cells, tissues, and organs. This results from an overactive immune response against substances and tissues normally present in the body. Let's delve into the concept and mechanism of autoimmune diseases from an immune system point of view, explore different causes and examples of such diseases, and discuss potential solutions.
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Type I Diabetes I: Introduction01:12

Type I Diabetes I: Introduction

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Type I Diabetes II: Pathophysiology

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Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

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Role of polyclonal B-cell activation in self/non-self discrimination.

Immunology today·2014
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Cytokines in the induction and circumvention of peripheral tolerance.

Journal of interferon & cytokine research : the official journal of the International Society for Interferon and Cytokine Research·1999
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Evidence for an underlying CD4 helper and CD8 T-cell defect in B-cell-deficient mice: failure to clear persistent virus infection after adoptive immunotherapy with virus-specific memory cells from muMT/muMT mice.

Journal of virology·1998
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CD4+ T-cell subsets and cytokines involved in peripheral tolerance.

Immunology today·1997
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CD40 ligand expressed on B cells in the BXSB mouse model of systemic lupus erythematosus.

Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)·1997
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Induction of tolerance to human gamma-globulin in FcR gamma- and Fc gammaRII-deficient mice.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 28, 2026

Single-cell Analysis of Immunophenotype and Cytokine Production in Peripheral Whole Blood via Mass Cytometry
12:36

Single-cell Analysis of Immunophenotype and Cytokine Production in Peripheral Whole Blood via Mass Cytometry

Published on: June 26, 2018

Advances in basic concepts of autoimmune disease

W O Weigle1

  • 1Department of Immunology, Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA.

Clinics in Laboratory Medicine
|October 8, 1997
PubMed
Summary

Understanding immunologic tolerance reveals how the body avoids autoimmunity. Cytokines and CD4+ T-cell subsets (Th1/Th2) critically influence autoimmune disease progression and tissue damage.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Autoimmunity
  • Cellular Biology

Background:

  • Immunologic tolerance mechanisms are key to preventing self-tissue damage.
  • Autoimmune diseases arise from dysregulated immune responses to self-antigens.
  • Cytokines and T-cell subsets are implicated in autoimmune disease induction and progression.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the roles of cytokines and T-cell subsets in autoimmune disease.
  • To investigate how the immune system escapes autoimmunity.
  • To understand the regulatory mechanisms governing autoimmune responses.

Main Methods:

  • Conceptual and practical considerations of immunologic tolerance.
  • Analysis of cytokine involvement in autoimmune states.
  • Examination of CD4+ T-cell subset polarization (Th1/Th2) in autoimmunity.

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Last Updated: Jul 28, 2026

Single-cell Analysis of Immunophenotype and Cytokine Production in Peripheral Whole Blood via Mass Cytometry
12:36

Single-cell Analysis of Immunophenotype and Cytokine Production in Peripheral Whole Blood via Mass Cytometry

Published on: June 26, 2018

Induction and Diverse Assessment Indicators of Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis
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Induction and Diverse Assessment Indicators of Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis

Published on: September 9, 2022

Quantification of Autoreactive Antibodies in Mice upon Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis
05:55

Quantification of Autoreactive Antibodies in Mice upon Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis

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Main Results:

  • Cytokines influence the induction, progression, and tissue damage in autoimmune diseases.
  • Selective expansion of T-cell subsets dictates the course of autoimmune conditions.
  • CD4+ T-cell responses to autoantigens can polarize into disease-inhibiting or disease-regulating patterns.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding T-cell subset polarization is crucial for regulating initiated autoimmune responses.
  • Further research into Th1 and Th2 subset roles may offer therapeutic insights.
  • The balance between immune tolerance and autoimmunity is complex and multifactorial.