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Cytotoxicity of denture base resins
P J Sheridan1, S Koka, N O Ewoldsen
1Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha 68583-0750, USA.
The International Journal of Prosthodontics
|January 1, 1997
Summary
All denture base resins tested released cytotoxic eluates affecting human gingival fibroblasts. Chemically activated resins showed higher cytotoxicity, which decreased with longer immersion times.
Area of Science:
- Biomaterials Science
- Cell Biology
- Dental Materials
Background:
- Denture base resins are widely used in prosthodontics.
- Different activation methods (heat, chemical, microwave) influence resin properties.
- Leachables from denture resins can potentially affect oral tissues.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the in vitro cytotoxicity of eluates from three types of denture base resins.
- To compare the cytotoxic effects of eluates from heat-, chemically-, and microwave-activated resins.
- To assess the influence of immersion time on the cytotoxicity of resin eluates.
Main Methods:
- Primary human gingival fibroblasts were cultured.
- Resin disks (heat-, chemically-, microwave-activated) were immersed for 24, 48, 72, and 96 hours.
- Eluates were prepared and applied to fibroblast cultures.
- Cell viability was assessed by measuring mitochondrial function.
Main Results:
- All tested resins leached cytotoxic eluates affecting fibroblast viability.
- Eluate from chemically activated resins exhibited greater cytotoxicity compared to heat- and microwave-activated resins.
- Cytotoxicity generally decreased as the resin disk immersion time increased, with the highest effect at 24 hours and the lowest at 96 hours.
Conclusions:
- Denture base resin eluates possess cytotoxic potential against human gingival fibroblasts.
- Chemically activated resins may pose a higher risk due to increased eluate cytotoxicity.
- Extended immersion times reduce the cytotoxic potential of resin eluates, suggesting material stabilization over time.