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Judgment and Response Processes across Two Knowledge Domains

Bender1

  • 1University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill

Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes
|December 16, 1998
PubMed
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This study extends the Stochastic Judgment Model to assess knowledge across two domains. Expertise influences confidence judgments and comparisons, with individuals favoring their stronger knowledge area.

Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Decision Making
  • Expertise Studies

Background:

  • The Stochastic Judgment Model (SJM) previously explained true-false judgments within a single knowledge domain.
  • Assessing confidence and comparative judgments across multiple domains requires model generalization.
  • Expertise effects on cognitive processes in judgment and decision-making warrant further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To generalize the SJM for a four-category rating task involving two simultaneous knowledge domains.
  • To experimentally test the generalized model using Ph.D. students in history and English literature.
  • To investigate how expertise influences confidence judgments and comparative decision-making across domains.

Main Methods:

  • Developed a generalized Stochastic Judgment Model for multi-domain, multi-category judgments.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Conducted an experiment where participants rated confidence and made pair-comparisons across history and literature domains.
  • Applied constrained versions of the model to fit rating data and predict pair-comparison choices.

    • Main Results:

    • The generalized SJM accurately fit rating data and predicted pair-comparison choices.
    • Greater knowledge in a domain correlated with larger confidence distributions and higher confidence variability.
    • Cross-domain comparisons were better predicted by focusing on the more familiar domain, not by comparing confidence levels.

    Conclusions:

    • The generalized SJM effectively models judgment and decision-making across multiple knowledge domains.
    • Expertise significantly shapes confidence judgments and comparative processes, favoring the better-known domain.
    • Findings offer insights into the cognitive mechanisms underlying expertise and cross-domain decision-making.