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Suppurative Acinetobacter baumanii thyroiditis with bacteremic pneumonia: case report and review
1Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan, Republic of China.
Summary
Suppurative thyroiditis is a rare bacterial infection. This study reports a novel case caused by Acinetobacter baumanii, highlighting the evolving pathogens in this condition.
Area of Science:
- Endocrinology
- Infectious Diseases
- Microbiology
Background:
- Suppurative thyroiditis is an uncommon condition, typically caused by Staphylococcus and Streptococcus species.
- Historical reviews indicate a shift in causative pathogens over time.
- Increasing numbers of immunocompromised patients contribute to a rise in suppurative thyroiditis cases.
Observation:
- This study presents a unique case of suppurative thyroiditis caused by Acinetobacter baumanii, a pathogen not previously reported for this condition.
- A comprehensive literature review of 191 cases (1980-1997) and a historical comparison with 224 cases (1900-1980) were conducted.
- Pneumocystis carinii has emerged as a significant pathogen in recent cases.
Findings:
- Bacterial suppurative thyroiditis predominantly affects euthyroid patients (83.1%).
- Fungal infections are associated with hypothyroidism (62.5%).
- Mycobacterial infections are linked to hyperthyroidism (50%).
Implications:
- The emergence of Acinetobacter baumanii underscores the need for broader diagnostic considerations in suppurative thyroiditis.
- Changes in pathogen prevalence necessitate updated treatment guidelines.
- Understanding the relationship between pathogen type and thyroid function is crucial for patient management.