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[Nosocomial infections]

M L Joly-Guillou1

  • 1Service de Bactériologie, Hôpital Louis-Mourier, Colombes.

Presse Medicale (Paris, France : 1983)
|January 8, 1999
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study highlights the prevalence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria, including wide-spectrum beta-lactam producers and vancomycin-resistant strains, across various healthcare settings. It emphasizes the need for targeted prevention strategies against emerging multidrug-resistant pathogens.

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Microbiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Hospital Epidemiology

Background:

  • Antibiotic resistance poses a significant global health threat, necessitating ongoing surveillance.
  • The emergence of multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs) complicates treatment and infection control.
  • Understanding the epidemiology of specific resistant strains is crucial for effective public health interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To survey the prevalence and distribution of key antibiotic-resistant bacteria in different healthcare environments.
  • To identify specific bacterial hosts and patient populations associated with resistant strains.
  • To inform strategies for controlling the spread of antimicrobial resistance.

Main Methods:

  • Multi-center surveys conducted in France, Japan, and Spain.

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  • Analysis of bacterial isolates from blood cultures and clinical samples.
  • Characterization of resistance patterns, including beta-lactamase production and vancomycin resistance.

    • Main Results:

    • Enterobacter aerogenes identified as a preferential host for wide-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing plasmids in French hospitals.
    • Candida bloodstream infections were most frequent in anti-cancer centers.
    • Reduced susceptibility to vancomycin was observed in approximately 10% of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains in a Japanese hospital.
    • Vancomycin-resistant enterococci were found in a significant number of patients in Spain.
    • Acinetobacter species pose a challenge due to multiresistance, requiring integrated prevention and antibiotic policies.

    Conclusions:

    • Surveillance data reveal distinct epidemiological patterns for different resistant pathogens in various healthcare settings.
    • Effective control of MDROs requires tailored antibiotic use policies and robust prevention programs.
    • Recognizing homogeneous and heterogeneous resistance patterns is vital for clinical management and public health.