酵母和人类的TFIID具有改变了TATA元素的DNA结合特异性
1Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115.
Cell
|February 21, 1992
概括
研究人员设计了一种酵母TFIID蛋白来识别突变的TATA元素,这对于RNA聚合酶II转录至关重要. 这种修改还使人类TFIID能够在酵母中发挥作用,揭示了基因调节中的关键相互作用.
科学领域:
- 分子生物学分子生物学
- 基因法规 基因法规
- 蛋白质工程是指蛋白质工程.
背景情况:
- TFIID是一种保护转录因子,对RNA聚合酶II活性至关重要.
- 在基因促进剂中,TFIID 特别与 TATA 元素 (共识 TATAAA) 结合.
- 了解TFIID-TATA相互作用是破译转录调节的关键.
研究的目的:
- 为了隔离和表征一种酵母TFIID衍生品,具有改变的TATA元素特异性.
- 为了确定负责改变TFIID结合的特定氨基酸变化.
- 在酵母系统中评估人类TFIID中这些变化的功能性保存.
主要方法:
- 基因选择被用来分离酵母TFIID突变体与改变的促进体识别.
- 使用生物化学分析来确认突变TFIID的结合特异性.
- 进行了局部导向的突变发生,以引入特定的氨基酸替代物到酵母和人类TFIID中.
主要成果:
- 隔离了一种特异性改变的酵母TFIID衍生物,能够结合突变的TATA元素 (TGTAAA).
- 在TFIID中进行了三个氨基酸替代,其中两个是关键的,赋予了改变的结合特异性.
- 人类TFIID与类似的替代物支持从酵母中的TGTAAA促进体转录.
结论:
- 一个特定的TFIID表面直接与TATA元素相互作用.
- 氨基酸替代可以改变TATA盒子序列的TFIID特异性.
- 人类TFIID保留了与酵母转录机械的功能兼容性,并且可以为改变的特异性进行工程设计.
相关概念视频
Transcription Factors
70.6K
Tissue-specific transcription factors contribute to diverse cellular functions in mammals. For example, the gene for beta globin, a major component of hemoglobin, is present in all cells of the body. However, it is only expressed in red blood cells because the transcription factors that can bind to the promoter sequences of the beta globin gene are only expressed in these cells. Tissue-specific transcription factors also ensure that mutations in these factors may impair only the function of...
70.6K
Protein Complexes with Interchangeable Parts
2.1K
Groups of proteins may form a complex where each protein in this complex has a different role in the overall execution of the complex’s function. Often some of the proteins in the complex can be replaced by a closely related variant to give a complex that contains many of the same components yet is functionally distinct.
The SCF ubiquitin ligase is a protein complex of five individual proteins. This complex attaches ubiquitin to other target proteins to mark them for degradation. In order...
The SCF ubiquitin ligase is a protein complex of five individual proteins. This complex attaches ubiquitin to other target proteins to mark them for degradation. In order...
2.1K
Transfer RNA Synthesis
10.2K
One of the unique features of tRNA is the presence of modified bases. In some tRNAs, modified bases account for nearly 20% of the total bases in the molecule. Altogether, these unusual bases protect the tRNA from enzymatic degradation by RNases.
Each of these chemical modifications is carried by a specific enzyme, post-transcription. All of these enzymes have unique base and site-specificity. Methylation, the most common chemical modification, is carried by at least nine different enzymes, with...
Each of these chemical modifications is carried by a specific enzyme, post-transcription. All of these enzymes have unique base and site-specificity. Methylation, the most common chemical modification, is carried by at least nine different enzymes, with...
10.2K
Eukaryotic Transcription Inhibitors
9.1K
Certain biochemical processes, such as embryonic development and cell growth regulation, depend on the repression of specific genes. DNA binding proteins known as eukaryotic transcription inhibitors regulate the repression of gene expression in eukaryotes. The presence of these inhibitors at the required location and time in the cell is triggered by the presence of hormones and additional signals from other cells.
Eukaryotic transcription inhibitors usually contain two distinct domains, a...
Eukaryotic transcription inhibitors usually contain two distinct domains, a...
9.1K
Transcription Attenuation in Prokaryotes
14.6K
Transcriptional attenuation occurs when RNA transcription is prematurely terminated due to the formation of a terminator mRNA hairpin structure. Bacteria use these hairpins to regulate the transcription process and control the synthesis of several amino acids including histidine, lysine, threonine, and phenylalanine. Transcription attenuation takes place in the non-coding regions of mRNA.
There are several different mechanisms used to attenuate transcription. In ribosome mediated...
There are several different mechanisms used to attenuate transcription. In ribosome mediated...
14.6K
General Transcription Factors
5.9K
Tissue-specific transcription factors contribute to diverse cellular functions in mammals. For example, the gene for beta globin, a major component of hemoglobin, is present in all cells of the body. However, it is only expressed in red blood cells because the transcription factors that can bind to the promoter sequences of the beta globin gene are only expressed in these cells. Tissue-specific transcription factors also ensure that mutations in these factors may impair only the function of...
5.9K


