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Updated: May 24, 2025

CRISPR-Mediated Reorganization of Chromatin Loop Structure
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Published on: September 14, 2018

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在基因组动力学,基因表达和发育中的R循环稳态

Paula Aguilera1, Andrés Aguilera2

  • 1Andalusian Center of Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine (CABIMER), Universidad de Sevilla - CSIC, Av. Américo Vespucio 24, 41092 Seville, Spain. Electronic address: https://twitter.com/Aguilera_P_90.

Current opinion in genetics & development
|March 5, 2025
PubMed
概括

R环是具有双重作用的DNA-RNA混合体,影响基因组稳定性和基因表达. 了解R循环调节是细胞生理学,发育和疾病研究的关键.

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Structure of a Gene

A gene is the fundamental unit of heredity. Every individual has two copies of each gene, one inherited from each parent. Although most people contain the same genes, there is a small fraction that is slightly different amongst people. A gene with a small difference in its sequence of DNA bases forms different alleles, contributing to different phenotypes.
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The gene expression in cells is regulated at different stages: (i) transcription, (ii) RNA processing, (iii) RNA localization, and (iv) translation. Transcriptional regulation is mediated by regulatory proteins such as transcription factors, activators, or repressors—these control gene expression by initiating or inhibiting the transcription of genes. Once a precursor or pre-mRNA is produced, it undergoes post-transcriptional modification, including 5' capping, splicing, and the...
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A gene is a stretch of DNA that serves as the blueprint for functional RNAs and proteins. Since DNA is comprised  of nucleotides and proteins are comprised of amino acids, a mediator is required to convert the information encoded in DNA into proteins. This mediator is the messenger RNA (mRNA). mRNA copies the blueprint from DNA by a process called transcription. In eukaryotes, transcription occurs in the nucleus by complementary base-pairing with the DNA template. The mRNA is then...
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Combinatorial gene control is the synergistic action of several transcriptional factors to regulate the expression of a single gene. The absence of one or more of these factors may lead to a significant difference in the level of gene expression or repression.
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