社区参与的医学学生可选课程,以提高对智力和发育障碍患者的知识和态度
Kathryn J Kemere1, Nital Appelbaum2, Priya Chandan3
1Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Transition Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, USA.
Cureus
|September 29, 2025
概括
医学学生在临床选修课后对智力和发育障碍 (IDD) 患者的知识和态度有所改善. 这种体验式学习将患者护理与社区参与相结合,增强了医疗保健的包容性.
科学领域:
- 医学教育 医学教育
- 医疗保健的不平等 医疗保健的不平等
- 智力和发育障碍 (IDD) 是一种心理障碍.
背景情况:
- 由于医疗提供者的知识和偏见有限,智力和发育障碍 (IDD) 患者在医疗保健中遇到重大障碍.
- 医学院课程通常缺乏全面的IDD内容和临床培训期间的社区参与机会.
研究的目的:
- 评估新型临床选修课对医学学生对IDD患者的知识和态度的影响.
- 评估结合临床实践和社区沉浸的体验式学习的有效性.
主要方法:
- 为医学学生开发了一个为期一个月的临床选修课程,整合了与IDD成年人的初级保健经验和30%的社区环境时间.
- 选前和选后的调查评估了47名参与者的态度 (38项利克特尺度) 和知识 (48项考试).
主要成果:
- 九个态度项目显示了选举后显著的积极转变 (p < 0.05).
- 学生报告说,在照顾IDD患者时,舒适度 (p < 0.001,r = 0.86) 和能力 (p < 0.001,r = 0.85) 增加.
- 知识考试成绩显著改善 (p < 0.001,科恩的d = 0.90).
结论:
- 结合临床和社区参与的选修课有效地增强了医学学生对IDD的知识和态度.
- 将社区参与融入医学教育是改善IDD患者医疗保健和拆除态度障碍的关键.
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