在自闭症和神经类型儿童中,对话主题转换和主题维护.
Zuriñe Ábalos1, Mikhail Kissine2,3, Agustín Vicente1,4
1University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain.
概括
自闭症儿童在保持主题上与神经典型儿童相似地交谈,但他们更频繁地转换主题并打断对话. 这项研究提供了一种评估对话话题转移的新方法.
科学领域:
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 语言学的语言学.
- 神经发育障碍 神经发育障碍
背景情况:
- 谈话依赖于主题维护和转换,但缺乏定量措施.
- 以前的研究表明,自闭症儿童在主题管理方面遇到困难,但研究结果不一致.
- 有限的研究存在于自闭症儿童的主题转移,特别是在非英语语境.
研究的目的:
- 量化研究自闭症和神经类型西班牙语儿童的主题维护和转换.
- 开发和验证一个协议,系统地编码对话中的话题转移.
- 在西班牙语背景下比较自闭症和神经类型儿童之间的对话技能.
主要方法:
- 在43名自闭症和46名神经型西班牙语儿童中比较了主题维护和转换.
- 使用了一个半自发的对话任务.
- 开发了编码主题转换的理论基础协议,由神经类型成年人验证.
主要成果:
- 自闭症和神经类型儿童显示了可比的主题维护 (主题支持响应).
- 自闭症儿童比神经典型儿童更明显地表现出更多的主题转移.
- 自闭症儿童的主题转换被评为不那么自然,更破坏对话流动.
结论:
- 自闭症儿童可能不难保持谈话话题.
- 自闭症儿童主题转换的频率和性质可能会阻碍相互对话.
- 开发的编码方案为评估和支持自闭症个体的对话技能提供了有价值的工具.
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