Neurally mediated syncope

Neurally mediated syncope is a disorder of the autonomic regulation of postural tone, which results in hypotension, bradycardia, and loss of consciousness. A wide variety of stimuli can trigger this reflex, the most common stimulus being orthostatic stress. Typically, a patient with neurally mediated syncope experiences nausea, lightheadedness, a feeling of warmth, and pallor before abruptly losing consciousness. If the cause of syncope is unclear, a stepwise approach is necessary to arrive at the diagnosis. The diagnosis of neurally mediated syncope can be confirmed by a head-up tilt-table test. Treatment options include behavioral modification and several pharmacologic therapies. For severe recurrent syncope unresponsive to conventional treatment, a pacemaker can be implanted.