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[A study on expression of tumor necrosis factor alpha in middle ear cholesteatoma and its effect on bone destruction]
Objective:
To determine the expression and localization of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) in human middle ear cholesteatoma and its effects on bone resorption.
Method:
The distribution of TNF-alpha in 18 cholesteatoma tissues and 8 normal external ear canal skin, facial skin and tympanic membrane were studied immunohistochemically with paraffin-embedded sections.
Result:
TNF-alpha was localized in the epithelium and connective tissue of cholesteatomas studied, particularly on basal and spinous cells and macrophages. The epithelium of normal external ear canal skin, facial skin and tympanic membrane was slightly stained.
Conclusion:
This study revealed significantly increased level of TNF-alpha in cholesteatoma tissues. TNF-alpha acts both directly, by causing bone erosion as an autocrine growth factor, and indirectly as an important mediator by stimulating the release of enzymes causing bone destruction.
